{"id":1079,"date":"2011-08-19T16:36:09","date_gmt":"2011-08-19T16:36:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=1079"},"modified":"2012-09-15T15:39:04","modified_gmt":"2012-09-15T15:39:04","slug":"ny-stjornarskra-personur-i-bodi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=1079","title":{"rendered":"N\u00fd stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1: Pers\u00f3nur \u00ed bo\u00f0i"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>[Birtist upphaflega \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttat\u00edmanum \u00a019. \u00e1g\u00fast 2011, en \u00fe\u00e1 me\u00f0 rangri t\u00f6flu]<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Haldi\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur \u00e1fram a\u00f0 fjalla um fyrirkomulag kosninga til Al\u00feingis eins og \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00ed till\u00f6gum stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s. N\u00fa ver\u00f0ur r\u00e6tt um pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rs\u00fe\u00e1tt tillagnanna.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur e\u00f0a flokkar<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kosningakerfi m\u00e1 draga \u00ed dilka eftir \u00fev\u00ed hvort bo\u00f0nir eru fram einstaklingar e\u00f0a flokkslistar. Hi\u00f0 fyrra er meginreglan \u00ed enskum\u00e6landi l\u00f6ndum en hi\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ara \u00e1 Nor\u00f0url\u00f6ndum og \u00ed hinum \u00fe\u00fdskum\u00e6landi heimi. \u00der\u00f3un hefur veri\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1tt a\u00f0 leyfa kj\u00f3sendum a\u00f0 hafa aukin \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 hva\u00f0a frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur veljast til \u00feingsetu, \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00e1 listum s\u00e9u. Sl\u00edkt er til h\u00e6g\u00f0arauka nefnt pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r, en getur \u00fe\u00f3 veri\u00f0 af \u00fdmsu tagi. Stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 leggur til allr\u00f3tt\u00e6ka \u00fatf\u00e6rslu \u00e1 pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri.<\/p>\n<p>Eins og veri\u00f0 hefur skulu frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur sitja \u00e1 listum \u00ed nafni stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasamtaka. \u00dev\u00ed er ekki um eiginleg einstaklingsframbo\u00f0 a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a, en frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur utan flokka g\u00e6tu \u00fe\u00f3 bo\u00f0i\u00f0 sig fram undir merkjum lausbeisla\u00f0ra samtaka. \u00dea\u00f0 er me\u00f0al n\u00fdm\u00e6la \u00ed till\u00f6gum stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s a\u00f0 einu gildir hvernig frambj\u00f3\u00f0endunum er ra\u00f0a\u00f0 \u00e1 lista. R\u00f6\u00f0in hefur engin bein \u00e1hrif \u00e1 hverjir hlj\u00f3ta \u00feau \u00feings\u00e6ti sem koma \u00ed hlut listans. Kj\u00f3sendur f\u00e1 \u00f6llu um \u00fea\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 me\u00f0 merkingum s\u00ednum.<\/p>\n<p>Hlutverk flokkanna \u00ed frambo\u00f0sm\u00e1lum er a\u00f0 velja \u00fe\u00e1 einstaklinga sem \u00feeir vilja bj\u00f3\u00f0a kj\u00f3sendum til \u00feingsetu. Till\u00f6gur stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s segja ekkert um \u00fea\u00f0 hvernig val flokkanna fer fram. Ekki er heldur kve\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 um \u00fea\u00f0 hvernig n\u00f6fnum skuli skipa\u00f0 \u00e1 listana. T.d. m\u00e6tti stilla upp me\u00f0 \u201efl\u00e9ttufyrirkomulagi\u201c, konum og k\u00f6rlum til skiptis. Uppstillingin er \u00fe\u00f3 kj\u00f3sendum a\u00f0eins til fr\u00f3\u00f0leiks, h\u00fan veitir engum frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda forskot umfram annan.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Samkv\u00e6mt till\u00f6gum stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s getur kj\u00f3sandi vali\u00f0 s\u00e9r lista me\u00f0 krossi, allt eins og veri\u00f0 hefur. Geri hann \u00fea\u00f0 hefur hann fulln\u00fdtt atkv\u00e6\u00f0i sitt en um lei\u00f0 gefi\u00f0 \u00feau fyrirm\u00e6li a\u00f0 hann leggi alla frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur listans a\u00f0 j\u00f6fnu, eins og fjalla\u00f0 var um \u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0asta pistli. Kj\u00f3sandinn getur hins vegar beitt s\u00e9r me\u00f0 \u00feeim h\u00e6tti a\u00f0 velja einstaka frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur, einn e\u00f0a fleiri. \u00deeir mega hvort sem heldur er vera af kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mislistum e\u00f0a af landslistum. Stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 felur Al\u00feingi a\u00f0 kve\u00f0a \u00e1 um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed kosningal\u00f6gum hve v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6kt \u00feetta valfrelsi skal vera. Grunnger\u00f0in m\u00e6lir fyrir um algert frelsi, a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sendum standi allir frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur til bo\u00f0a, hvort sem \u00feeir eru innan kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis kj\u00f3sandans e\u00f0a \u00e1 landslistum. \u00cd l\u00f6gum m\u00e1 \u00fe\u00f3 \u00ferengja vali\u00f0 og takmarka \u00fea\u00f0 vi\u00f0 lista s\u00f6mu samtaka. \u00cd eftirfarandi l\u00fdsingu er gert r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 \u00ferengingar\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0inu s\u00e9 ekki beitt, a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 megi velja \u00fevert \u00e1 flokka.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Krossar e\u00f0a r\u00f6\u00f0un<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00cd stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rtill\u00f6gunum er ekki m\u00e6lt fyrir um \u00fea\u00f0 hvernig kj\u00f3sendur merkja vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 einstaklinga sem \u00feeir vilja velja, hvort \u00fea\u00f0 er me\u00f0 einf\u00f6ldum krossum, ra\u00f0t\u00f6lum e\u00f0a me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum h\u00e6tti. Al\u00feingi er eftirl\u00e1ti\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0a \u00feetta. \u00c1 kj\u00f6rse\u00f0linum sem h\u00e9r er s\u00fdndur er gert r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 vali\u00f0 fari fram me\u00f0 krossum. Kj\u00f3sandi hefur krossa\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00ferj\u00e1 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur sem eru \u00ed tvennum \u00f3l\u00edkum samt\u00f6kum. Leyfi Al\u00feingi ekki val \u00fevert \u00e1 flokka er \u00feessi se\u00f0ill \u00f3gildur. Sleppi kj\u00f3sandinn \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 merkja vi\u00f0 R\u00edkhar\u00f0 hj\u00e1 Y-samt\u00f6kunum er hann \u00fe\u00f3 g\u00f3\u00f0ur og gildur.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/FT-19-ag-Tafla.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1081\" title=\"FT 19 ag Tafla\" src=\"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/FT-19-ag-Tafla.png\" alt=\"Kj\u00f6rse\u00f0ill\" width=\"260\" height=\"212\" \/><\/a><strong>Ekki sagan \u00f6ll<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A\u00f0alatri\u00f0i vantar enn \u00ed \u00feessa l\u00fdsingu \u00e1 kosningakerfi a\u00f0 till\u00f6gu stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s. \u00dea\u00f0 er hvernig atkv\u00e6\u00f0i eru talin, hvernig krossar breytast \u00ed atkv\u00e6\u00f0i og hverjir n\u00e1 \u00feannig kj\u00f6ri. Fr\u00e1 \u00feessu ver\u00f0ur greint \u00ed n\u00e6sta pistli.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[Birtist upphaflega \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttat\u00edmanum \u00a019. \u00e1g\u00fast 2011, en \u00fe\u00e1 me\u00f0 rangri t\u00f6flu] Haldi\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur \u00e1fram a\u00f0 fjalla um fyrirkomulag kosninga til Al\u00feingis eins og \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00ed till\u00f6gum stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s. N\u00fa ver\u00f0ur r\u00e6tt um pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rs\u00fe\u00e1tt tillagnanna. Frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur e\u00f0a flokkar Kosningakerfi m\u00e1 draga \u00ed dilka eftir \u00fev\u00ed hvort bo\u00f0nir eru fram einstaklingar e\u00f0a flokkslistar. Hi\u00f0 fyrra er [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[8,29,53],"class_list":["post-1079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eigin-vefsida","tag-althingiskosningar","tag-frettatiminn","tag-tillogur-stjornlagarads"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1079"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1079\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1085,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1079\/revisions\/1085"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}