{"id":1136,"date":"2011-09-30T09:26:50","date_gmt":"2011-09-30T09:26:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=1136"},"modified":"2012-09-15T14:57:22","modified_gmt":"2012-09-15T14:57:22","slug":"ny-stjornarskra-log-ad-frumkvaedi-almennings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=1136","title":{"rendered":"N\u00fd stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1: L\u00f6g a\u00f0 frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i almennings"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>[Birtist upphaflega \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttat\u00edmanum 30. september 2011]<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u00c1fram ver\u00f0ur haldi\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa till\u00f6gum stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s um beint l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i; um \u00fea\u00f0 hvernig fl\u00e9tta megi \u00fea\u00f0 saman vi\u00f0 fulltr\u00faal\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0. N\u00fa ver\u00f0ur fjalla\u00f0 um frumkv\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00e9tt \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar, hvernig h\u00fan getur sami\u00f0 og fengi\u00f0 sett l\u00f6g.<\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u00f6g fr\u00e1 grasr\u00f3tinni<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Djarfasta n\u00fdm\u00e6li\u00f0 \u00ed till\u00f6gum stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s um beint l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i felst \u00ed \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um um frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i kj\u00f3senda. \u00dear er tvennt lagt til. Annars vegar a\u00f0 2% kj\u00f3senda geti lagt hva\u00f0 eina m\u00e1l fyrir Al\u00feingi. \u00dea\u00f0 kemst \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1 dagskr\u00e1 \u00feingsins, en engin fyrirm\u00e6li eru um afdrif m\u00e1lsins. Hin frumkv\u00e6\u00f0islei\u00f0in er formlegri. Samkv\u00e6mt henni getur t\u00edundi hluti kj\u00f3senda lagt fram fullb\u00fai\u00f0 frumvarp til laga fyrir Al\u00feingi. Svo er um hn\u00fatana b\u00fai\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feingi\u00f0 getur leita\u00f0 til talsmanna kj\u00f3sendah\u00f3psins um m\u00e1lmi\u00f0lun vilji \u00fea\u00f0 ekki fallast \u00e1 frumvarpi\u00f0 \u00f3breytt. Ef ekki n\u00e6r saman fer frumvarp kj\u00f3senda \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slu, og einnig gagntillaga sem \u00feingi\u00f0 kann a\u00f0 leggja fram. Al\u00feingi getur fali\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni a\u00f0 taka af skari\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 gera atkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0sluna bindandi, ella er h\u00fan \u00feinginu til r\u00e1\u00f0gjafar um lyktir m\u00e1lsins. Markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 er ekki \u00ed sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r a\u00f0 haldin s\u00e9 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0sla heldur er keppikefli\u00f0 a\u00f0 sem brei\u00f0ust samsta\u00f0a n\u00e1ist um m\u00e1l sem liggur \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni \u00e1 hjarta. N\u00e1nari fyrirm\u00e6li eru um alla \u00feessa m\u00e1lsme\u00f0fer\u00f0 \u00ed till\u00f6gum stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s. Fyrirmynd er einkum s\u00f3tt til Sviss, en \u00fear er reynslan s\u00fa a\u00f0 f\u00e6st sl\u00edkra m\u00e1la enda \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0i; a\u00f0 jafna\u00f0i finnst lausn sem s\u00e6ttir n\u00e1st um.<\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0isblanda<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Umr\u00e6\u00f0a er v\u00ed\u00f0a um heim um \u00fer\u00f3un l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0isins. Athyglisver\u00f0 er t.d. hugmynd um \u00fea\u00f0 sem kalla\u00f0 er \u00e1 \u00fatlensku \u201eflj\u00f3tandi l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i\u201c, en \u201efl\u00e6\u00f0ir\u00e6\u00f0i\u201c v\u00e6ri styttra. Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed er t.d. \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 hver einstakur kj\u00f3sandi geti gripi\u00f0 fram fyrir hendurnar \u00e1 \u00feingm\u00f6nnum og greitt (rafr\u00e6nt) atkv\u00e6\u00f0i um \u00feingm\u00e1l \u00feegar honum b\u00fd\u00f0ur svo vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 horfa. \u00dear me\u00f0 dregur hann til baka \u00fea\u00f0 atkv\u00e6\u00f0isbrot sem hann haf\u00f0i framselt fulltr\u00faunum. \u00deeir kj\u00f3sendur sem ekki beita \u00feessum r\u00e9tti fela \u00feinginu a\u00f0 fara \u00e1fram me\u00f0 umbo\u00f0 sitt. \u00deetta fyrirkomulag hefur \u00feann kost umfram almenna \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slu a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem ekki taka afst\u00f6\u00f0u eru samt ekki haf\u00f0ir \u00fatundan. \u00deingmenn fara \u00e1fram me\u00f0 umbo\u00f0 \u00feeirra. \u00dear me\u00f0 er byggt fyrir hugsanlegt gerr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00feeirra sem afst\u00f6\u00f0u taka, \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fatf\u00e6rslan megi heldur ekki ver\u00f0a sl\u00edk a\u00f0 hinir virku s\u00e9u ger\u00f0ir m\u00e1ttvana. Ekki er vita\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 sl\u00edk l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0isblanda hafi nokkurs sta\u00f0ar veri\u00f0 innleidd, en umr\u00e6\u00f0una m\u00e1 rekja \u00e1 veraldarvefnum undir ensku leitaror\u00f0unum \u201eliquid democracy\u201c e\u00f0a \u00e1m\u00f3ta \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum m\u00e1lum.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Er beint l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i h\u00e6ttulegt?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sagt er a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 geti veri\u00f0 t\u00e6kif\u00e6rissinna\u00f0ri en fulltr\u00faar hennar, t.d. a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in veigri s\u00e9r vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 taka \u00f3\u00fe\u00e6gilegar en \u00fe\u00f3 br\u00fdnar \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir. Varnagli er sleginn \u00ed till\u00f6gum stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s var\u00f0andi \u00feetta \u00fear sem vissir m\u00e1laflokkar eru undanskyldir \u00ed hinu beina l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i, svo sem skattam\u00e1l. \u00de\u00e1 er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 Al\u00feingi er fali\u00f0 a\u00f0 setja l\u00f6g um framkv\u00e6mdina, m.a. um a\u00f0 vanda\u00f0 s\u00e9 til undirskriftas\u00f6fnunar en ekki unnt a\u00f0 ri\u00f0jast fram me\u00f0 vafasamri nets\u00f6fnun.<\/p>\n<p>Heimspekingurinn Karl Jaspers segir \u00ed einu rita sinna a\u00f0 \u00e1h\u00e6tta s\u00e9 tekin me\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0inu, allt eins og me\u00f0 allri tilvist mannsins. Meirihlutinn, hvort sem er fulltr\u00faa e\u00f0a kj\u00f3senda, geti h\u00e6glega teki\u00f0 \u00f3heillav\u00e6nlegar \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir. Engin trygging s\u00e9 til, en valddreifing s\u00e9 helsti varnaglinn. H\u00e6fileg blanda af fulltr\u00faal\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i og beinu l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i f\u00f3lksins s\u00e9 \u00fe\u00e1ttur \u00ed sl\u00edkri valddreifingu en umfram allt ver\u00f0i a\u00f0 styrkja og s\u00ed\u00f0an treysta \u00e1 skynsemi f\u00f3lks og r\u00e1\u00f0amanna, segir heimspekingurinn. Vi\u00f0 getum ekki anna\u00f0 en treyst \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 skynsemin blundi \u00ed \u00f6llum og l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 s\u00e9 lei\u00f0in til a\u00f0 virkja skynsemina til fars\u00e6llar stj\u00f3rnar \u00e1 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9laginu, svo a\u00f0 lagt s\u00e9 \u00fat af hugsun Karls Jaspers.<\/p>\n<p>Me\u00f0 till\u00f6gum stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s um beint l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i er stigi\u00f0 skref, en ekki bundinn endahn\u00fatur. Till\u00f6gur r\u00e1\u00f0sins um starf stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1laflokka, svo og um a\u00f0fer\u00f0 vi\u00f0 val \u00e1 \u00feingm\u00f6nnum, eru l\u00edka \u00fe\u00e1ttur \u00ed eflingu l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0isins. L\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 er og ver\u00f0ur \u00ed \u00fer\u00f3un.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[Birtist upphaflega \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttat\u00edmanum 30. september 2011] \u00c1fram ver\u00f0ur haldi\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa till\u00f6gum stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s um beint l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i; um \u00fea\u00f0 hvernig fl\u00e9tta megi \u00fea\u00f0 saman vi\u00f0 fulltr\u00faal\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0. N\u00fa ver\u00f0ur fjalla\u00f0 um frumkv\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00e9tt \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar, hvernig h\u00fan getur sami\u00f0 og fengi\u00f0 sett l\u00f6g. L\u00f6g fr\u00e1 grasr\u00f3tinni Djarfasta n\u00fdm\u00e6li\u00f0 \u00ed till\u00f6gum stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s um beint l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i felst \u00ed \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um um [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[17,29,53],"class_list":["post-1136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eigin-vefsida","tag-beint-lydraedi","tag-frettatiminn","tag-tillogur-stjornlagarads"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1136","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1136"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1136\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1601,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1136\/revisions\/1601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1136"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1136"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1136"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}