{"id":1280,"date":"2011-12-02T19:22:00","date_gmt":"2011-12-02T19:22:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=1280"},"modified":"2012-09-15T13:24:32","modified_gmt":"2012-09-15T13:24:32","slug":"ny-stjornarskra-hvernig-er-valdapiramidinn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=1280","title":{"rendered":"N\u00fd stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1: Hvernig er valdap\u00edram\u00eddinn?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>[Birtist upphaflega \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttat\u00edmanum 2. desember 2011]<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Till\u00f6gur stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s hafa s\u00e6tt gagnr\u00fdni eins og vi\u00f0 m\u00e1tti b\u00faast. Sumt af \u00fev\u00ed er \u00f3maklegt, anna\u00f0 eru e\u00f0lilegar athugasemdir. Stj\u00f3rnarr\u00e1\u00f0sfulltr\u00faarnir Katr\u00edn Oddsd\u00f3ttir og Vilhj\u00e1lmur \u00deorsteinsson f\u00f3ru skilmerkilega yfir \u00fdmsar \u00feessar athugasemdir \u00ed Silfri Egils 27. n\u00f3vember s.l. H\u00e9r ver\u00f0ur hnykkt \u00e1 einu mikilv\u00e6gi atri\u00f0i: Hvernig valdi\u00f0 hr\u00edslast fr\u00e1 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni til Al\u00feingis og \u00fea\u00f0an til r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnar; hvernig umbo\u00f0sferli\u00f0 er og hvernig \u00fea\u00f0 byrjar og endar hj\u00e1 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni. Ferli\u00f0 er h\u00e9r kortlagt me\u00f0 einf\u00f6ldum h\u00e6tti \u00ed upptalningarst\u00edl. Innan sviga eru geti\u00f0 \u00feeirra frumvarpsgreina sem vitna\u00f0 er til, en lesendur geta fundi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r, t.d. \u00e1 vefnum stjornlagarad.is.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0in k\u00fds al\u00feingismenn<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Atkv\u00e6\u00f0akv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi allra, \u00f3h\u00e1\u00f0 b\u00fasetu, skal vera jafnt (39. gr., 2. mgr.).<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u00deetta er grundvallarbreyting, en atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi\u00f0 hefur \u00e6t\u00ed\u00f0 veri\u00f0 misjafnt h\u00e9rlendis. \u00cd n\u00fagildandi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 er beinl\u00ednis kve\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 um vi\u00f0varandi \u00f3j\u00f6fnu\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feessu leyti. Hitt er \u00f6nnur saga a\u00f0 n\u00e1\u00f0st hefur j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur milli flokka allt fr\u00e1 1987.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li>R\u00edkt pers\u00f3nuval (5. mgr.).<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Algert n\u00fdm\u00e6li h\u00e9rlendis. Jafnvel h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 velja \u00fevert \u00e1 lista. Stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1laflokkar gegna \u00fe\u00f3 \u00e1fram lykilhlutverki vi\u00f0 val \u00e1 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Al\u00feingi k\u00fds fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Forseti \u00cdslands gerir fyrstur till\u00f6gu (90. gr., 2. mgr.).<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Sk\u00fdrt og e\u00f0lilegt \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i. Kemur \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00f3lj\u00f3srar hef\u00f0ar um a\u00f0 forseti \u201efeli einhverjum stj\u00f3rnarmyndun\u201c.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li>\u00deingi\u00f0 getur sj\u00e1lft stungi\u00f0 upp \u00e1 manni (sama mgr.).<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u00de\u00f3tt forsetinn eigi frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 getur Al\u00feingi kosi\u00f0 hvern \u00feann sem \u00fev\u00ed hugnast.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li>A\u00f0 lokum k\u00fds \u00feingi\u00f0 fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra (sama mgr.).<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Algerlega sk\u00fdrt a\u00f0 fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra situr \u00ed umbo\u00f0i Al\u00feingis. \u00cd n\u00fag. stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 er allt \u00e1 huldu um \u00feetta, sagt felast \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u201estj\u00f3rn s\u00e9 \u00feingbundin\u201c.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra st\u00fdrir r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rninni<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra skipar a\u00f0ra r\u00e1\u00f0herra (90. gr., 5. mgr.).<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Sta\u00f0festir \u00e1byrg\u00f0 fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra \u00e1 allri r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rninni og starfi hennar gagnvart Al\u00feingi. N\u00fag. stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 segir forseta \u201eskipa r\u00e1\u00f0herra\u201c, en \u00fea\u00f0 er markleysa eins og margt anna\u00f0 um emb\u00e6tti forsetans.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li>R\u00edkisstj\u00f3rn er sam\u00e1byrg um helstu athafnir r\u00e1\u00f0herra (87. gr., 3. mgr.).<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><em>R\u00e1\u00f0herrar geta ekki leiki\u00f0 lausum hala. \u00c1byrg\u00f0arskiptingin er afar grautarleg \u00ed gildandi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 og t\u00falkun \u00e1 henni.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Al\u00feingi ekki undir h\u00e6l r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnar<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0R\u00e1\u00f0herrar sitja ekki \u00e1 Al\u00feingi (89. gr., 3. mgr.).<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><em>N\u00fdm\u00e6li til a\u00f0 skerpa skil l\u00f6ggjafar- og framkv\u00e6mdarvalds. Styrkir st\u00f6\u00f0u Al\u00feingis. \u00ddtir undir val \u00e1 r\u00e1\u00f0herrum \u00e1 faglegum forsendum.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li>Valdat\u00edmi\u00a0r\u00e1\u00f0herra takmarka\u00f0ur vi\u00f0 tv\u00f6 kj\u00f6rt\u00edmabil (86. gr., 3. mgr.).<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><em>R\u00e1\u00f0herrar geta ekki vera me\u00f0 \u00feaulsetur \u00ed r\u00e1\u00f0herrast\u00f3lum. G\u00f3\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0herraefni geta \u00fe\u00f3 \u00e1 lengri t\u00edma fikra\u00f0 sig upp stigann og enda\u00f0 sem fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herrar.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Al\u00feingi getur hven\u00e6r sem er sagt r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rninni upp<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00deingi\u00f0 getur fyrirvaralaust skipt um fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra (91. gr. 1. mgr.).<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u00dea\u00f0 er varnagli gegn stj\u00f3rnleysi a\u00f0 vantrausti \u00e1 fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 fylgja val \u00e1 eftirmanni. N\u00fdm\u00e6li sem hefur reynst vel erlendis.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Me\u00f0 brotthvarfi fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra fer \u00f6ll r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnin. N\u00fag. stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 er \u00fe\u00f6gul um \u00feetta eins og margt anna\u00f0.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li>\u00deingi\u00f0 getur l\u00fdst vantrausti \u00e1 einstaka r\u00e1\u00f0herra og ver\u00f0a \u00feeir \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 hverfa \u00far starfi (91. gr., 2. mgr.).<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Ekkert er um \u00feetta \u00ed gildandi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 en talin hef\u00f0. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u201evantraust\u201c er ekki nefnt \u00ed \u00feeirri grundvallarskr\u00e1 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagsins sem n\u00fa gildir.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Aftur til \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kj\u00f3sendur geta haft beina a\u00f0komu a\u00f0 lagasetningu (65.-67. gr.).<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0in getur gripi\u00f0 inn \u00ed st\u00f6rf Al\u00feingis \u00feyki henni eitthva\u00f0 fara \u00far skor\u00f0um.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 er engum vafa undirorpi\u00f0 hvernig \u00feetta valdaferli \u00e1 a\u00f0 vera a\u00f0 mati stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s. Al\u00feingi, sem starfar \u00ed umbo\u00f0i \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar, er \u00feungami\u00f0jan. R\u00edkisstj\u00f3rn er verkf\u00e6ri Al\u00feingis til a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6ma \u00fea\u00f0 sem gera skal.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[Birtist upphaflega \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttat\u00edmanum 2. desember 2011] Till\u00f6gur stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s hafa s\u00e6tt gagnr\u00fdni eins og vi\u00f0 m\u00e1tti b\u00faast. Sumt af \u00fev\u00ed er \u00f3maklegt, anna\u00f0 eru e\u00f0lilegar athugasemdir. Stj\u00f3rnarr\u00e1\u00f0sfulltr\u00faarnir Katr\u00edn Oddsd\u00f3ttir og Vilhj\u00e1lmur \u00deorsteinsson f\u00f3ru skilmerkilega yfir \u00fdmsar \u00feessar athugasemdir \u00ed Silfri Egils 27. n\u00f3vember s.l. H\u00e9r ver\u00f0ur hnykkt \u00e1 einu mikilv\u00e6gi atri\u00f0i: Hvernig valdi\u00f0 hr\u00edslast fr\u00e1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[29,42,53,40],"class_list":["post-1280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eigin-vefsida","tag-frettatiminn","tag-stjornskipun","tag-tillogur-stjornlagarads","tag-thingraedi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1280","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1280"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1280\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1584,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1280\/revisions\/1584"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1280"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1280"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1280"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}