{"id":1629,"date":"2012-09-20T10:12:08","date_gmt":"2012-09-20T10:12:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=1629"},"modified":"2012-09-20T10:49:32","modified_gmt":"2012-09-20T10:49:32","slug":"spurt-og-svara-um-kvi-tillgum-stjrnlagars-um-kosningar-til-alingis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=1629","title":{"rendered":"Spurt og svarað um ákvæði í tillögum stjórnlagaráðs um kosningar til Alþingis"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00deennan langa pistil m\u00e1 l\u00edka n\u00e1lgast sem pdf-skjal:\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

SpurtOgSvaradKosningakerfiRadsins_20sept2012_Thorkell<\/a>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 leggur til gagngera breytingu \u00e1 \u00f6llu fyrirkomulagi kosninga til Al\u00feingis sem m\u00e6lt ver\u00f0i fyrir um \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1. Tillagan birtist \u00ed 39. gr. frumvarps \u00feess auk \u00feess sem 43. gr. skiptir og m\u00e1li \u00ed \u00feessu samhengi.\u00a0<\/span>\u00deessar till\u00f6gugreinar eru h\u00e9r t\u00edunda\u00f0ar m\u00e1lsgrein fyrir m\u00e1lsgrein. Er \u00fe\u00e1 stu\u00f0st vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 or\u00f0alag sem fundur stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0sfulltr\u00faa \u00ed mars 2012 bau\u00f0 upp \u00e1 sem valkost en efnisbreytingar eru engar fr\u00e1 fyrri ger\u00f0:<\/span><\/p>\n

39. gr. um al\u00feingiskosningar \u00ed frumvarpi stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s a\u00f0 n\u00fdrri stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00c1 Al\u00feingi eiga s\u00e6ti 63 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0kj\u00f6rnir \u00feingmenn, kosnir leynilegri kosningu til fj\u00f6gurra \u00e1ra.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Atkv\u00e6\u00f0i kj\u00f3senda alls sta\u00f0ar \u00e1 landinu vega jafnt.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Heimilt er a\u00f0 skipta landinu upp \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi, flest \u00e1tta.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasamt\u00f6kum skal heimilt a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a fram kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mislista og landslista. Frambj\u00f3\u00f0andi m\u00e1 vera \u00e1 landslista og kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mislista s\u00f6mu samtaka.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Kj\u00f3sandi skal geta vali\u00f0 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur af listum \u00ed s\u00ednu kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi og af landslistum. Kj\u00f3si hann heldur lista hefur hann vali\u00f0 alla frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur listans jafnt. Heimilt er \u00ed l\u00f6gum a\u00f0 einskor\u00f0a vali\u00f0 vi\u00f0 lista s\u00f6mu samtaka.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

6. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00deings\u00e6tum skal \u00fathluta til stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasamtaka \u00ed sem fyllstu samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i greidd listum og frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum samtakanna.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

7. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00dathluta skal \u00feings\u00e6tum til frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda \u00fat fr\u00e1 atkv\u00e6\u00f0astyrk \u00feeirra.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

8. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Binda m\u00e1 allt a\u00f0 \u00ferj\u00e1t\u00edu \u00feings\u00e6ti vi\u00f0 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi. \u00de\u00f3 skulu kj\u00f3sendur a\u00f0 baki hverju bundnu s\u00e6ti ekki vera f\u00e6rri en er a\u00f0 me\u00f0altali a\u00f0 baki hverju \u00feings\u00e6ti \u00e1 landinu. <\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

9. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00cd kosningal\u00f6gum skal stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 sem j\u00f6fnustu hlutfalli kvenna og karla \u00e1 Al\u00feingi.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

10. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Breytingar \u00e1 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mam\u00f6rkum, tilh\u00f6gun \u00e1 \u00fathlutun \u00feings\u00e6ta og reglum um frambo\u00f0 ver\u00f0a a\u00f0eins ger\u00f0ar me\u00f0 sam\u00feykki 2\/3 hluta atkv\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1 Al\u00feingi. Sl\u00edkar lagabreytingar \u00f6\u00f0last ekki gildi fyrr en sex m\u00e1nu\u00f0ir eru li\u00f0nir fr\u00e1 setningu \u00feeirra.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

11. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>N\u00e1nari reglur um al\u00feingiskosningar skulu settar \u00ed l\u00f6gum.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

43. gr. um gildi kosninga \u00ed frumvarpi stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s a\u00f0 n\u00fdrri stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a01. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Al\u00feingi k\u00fds landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rn til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00farskur\u00f0a um gildi forsetakosningar, kosninga til Al\u00feingis svo og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slna.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rn gefur \u00fat kj\u00f6rbr\u00e9f forseta og al\u00feingismanna og \u00farskur\u00f0ar hvort \u00feingma\u00f0ur hafi misst kj\u00f6rgengi. Um st\u00f6rf landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rnar fer eftir n\u00e1nari fyrirm\u00e6lum \u00ed l\u00f6gum.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3. mgr.<\/em><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00darskur\u00f0um landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rnar m\u00e1 skj\u00f3ta til d\u00f3mst\u00f3la.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Efnisyfirlit um spurningar og sv\u00f6r<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Spurningar um a\u00f0algreinina, 39. grein<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00c1 Al\u00feingi eiga s\u00e6ti 63 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0kj\u00f6rnir \u00feingmenn, kosnir leynilegri kosningu til fj\u00f6gurra \u00e1ra.<\/span><\/span><\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hvers vegna var ekki t\u00f6lu \u00feings\u00e6ta breytt; \u00feeim f\u00e6kka\u00f0?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nHvers vegna er ekki lengur tala\u00f0 um \u201ehlutbundnar kosningar\u201c \u00ed m\u00e1lsgreininni?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

5<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

5<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

2. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Atkv\u00e6\u00f0i kj\u00f3senda alls sta\u00f0ar \u00e1 landinu vega jafnt.<\/span><\/span><\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hver er s\u00e1 \u00f3j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur atkv\u00e6\u00f0a sem um er tala\u00f0?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

En er ekki fullur j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur milli flokka \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir atkv\u00e6\u00f0amisv\u00e6gi\u00f0? Hva\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00e1 veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 jafna?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>6<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Er ekki sanngjarnt a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta \u00edb\u00faum landsbygg\u00f0arkj\u00f6rd\u00e6ma upp a\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0umun me\u00f0 auknu atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>6<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi er ekki a\u00f0eins \u00f3jafnt \u00e1 \u00cdslandi. Hvers vegna \u00feurfum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 ganga lengra en a\u00f0rir?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>7<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Ef jafna \u00e1 atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi\u00f0 til fulls, ver\u00f0ur \u00fe\u00e1 ekki a\u00f0 gera landi\u00f0 a\u00f0 einu kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>7<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

3. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Heimilt er a\u00f0 skipta landinu upp \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi, flest \u00e1tta.<\/span><\/span><\/span>7<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hverju er breytt fr\u00e1 n\u00faverandi skipan kj\u00f6rd\u00e6ma?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span>7<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Gleymdist ekki a\u00f0 setja \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um t\u00f6lu \u00feings\u00e6ta hvers kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rfrumvarpi\u00f0?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>8<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Ver\u00f0ur landi\u00f0 einhvern t\u00edmann eitt kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span>8<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Af hverju er girt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 skipta landinu \u00ed einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>8<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

4. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>1. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasamt\u00f6kum skal heimilt a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a fram kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mislista og landslista.<\/span><\/span><\/span>9<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Til hvers a\u00f0 fl\u00e6kja m\u00e1li\u00f0 me\u00f0 landslistum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span>9<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Eru ekki sl\u00edkir landslistar framandi \u00e1 \u00cdslandi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>9<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

T\u00ed\u00f0kast svona landslistafyrirkomulag nokkurs sta\u00f0ar?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span>9<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hva\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00fev\u00ed hvernig og \u00ed hva\u00f0a r\u00f6\u00f0 listum skal stillt upp?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span>10<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

En skiptir \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 ekki m\u00e1li hvernig listanum er ra\u00f0a\u00f0 upp \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 hverjir n\u00e1 kj\u00f6ri?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>10<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

4. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>2. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Frambj\u00f3\u00f0andi m\u00e1 vera \u00e1 landslista og kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mislista s\u00f6mu samtaka.<\/span><\/span><\/span>10<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hvers vegna mega s\u00f6mu frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur b\u00e6\u00f0i vera \u00ed frambo\u00f0i \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi og \u00e1 landslista?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>10<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

5. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>1. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Kj\u00f3sandi skal geta vali\u00f0 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur af listum \u00ed s\u00ednu kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi og af landslistum.<\/span><\/span><\/span>11<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hvers vegna \u00e6tti kj\u00f3sandi a\u00f0 drepa atkv\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00ednu \u00e1 dreif og kj\u00f3sa frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur af landslista, sem eru e.t.v. l\u00edka \u00ed frambo\u00f0i \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>11<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Ver\u00f0ur ekki atkv\u00e6\u00f0ase\u00f0illinn \u00f3vi\u00f0r\u00e1\u00f0anlegur a\u00f0 st\u00e6r\u00f0, me\u00f0 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis- og landslistum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>11<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u00dearf kj\u00f3sandinn a\u00f0 merkja vi\u00f0 helling af frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum, jafnvel ra\u00f0a \u00feeim \u00ed forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0, allt hi\u00f0 erfi\u00f0asta m\u00e1l?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span>11<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Stu\u00f0lar \u00feetta v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6ka pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rskerfi a\u00f0 hanaslag innan hvers flokks?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>12<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

M\u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 ekki lengur strika \u00fat?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>12<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

5. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>2. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Kj\u00f3si hann heldur lista hefur hann vali\u00f0 alla frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur listans jafnt.<\/span><\/span><\/span>12<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Er \u00fe\u00e1 s\u00e1 sem merkir einungis vi\u00f0 lista ekki a\u00f0 lj\u00e1 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum stu\u00f0ning \u00ed \u00feeirri r\u00f6\u00f0 sem \u00feeir eru \u00e1 listanum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>12<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hvernig er \u00feetta \u00ed n\u00faverandi fyrirkomulagi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>13<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki \u00f3l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegt a\u00f0 s\u00e1 sem merkir einugis vi\u00f0 listab\u00f3kaf f\u00e1i engu r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 um val \u00e1 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>13<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Af hverju er ekki var ekki farin bl\u00f6ndu\u00f0 lei\u00f0 \u00fear sem merking vi\u00f0 lista hefur visst v\u00e6gi vi\u00f0 \u00fathlutun s\u00e6tanna?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>13<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Var huga\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 leyfa flokkunum a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed hvort listar \u00feeirra v\u00e6ru ra\u00f0a\u00f0ir, og \u00f3breytanlegir, e\u00f0a \u00f3ra\u00f0a\u00f0ir og opnir til pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rs?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>13<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Aftur m\u00e1 spyrja hvort \u00feetta pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r gangi ekki af flokkunum dau\u00f0um, og brj\u00f3ti ni\u00f0ur flokksaga, geri \u00feingmenn a\u00f0 \u201evillik\u00f6ttum\u201c?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>13<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Af hverju m\u00e1 kj\u00f3sandi ekki merkja vi\u00f0 tvo lista, a.m.k. vi\u00f0 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis- og landslista sama flokks?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>14<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

5. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>3. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Heimilt er \u00ed l\u00f6gum a\u00f0 einskor\u00f0a vali\u00f0 vi\u00f0 lista s\u00f6mu samtaka.<\/span><\/span><\/span>14<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hva\u00f0 merkir \u00feetta og hvers vegna er \u00feetta sett inn?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>14<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Ef kj\u00f3sandi f\u00e6r a\u00f0 velja frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur \u00fevert \u00e1 flokka er hann um lei\u00f0 a\u00f0 skipta atkv\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00ednu milli flokka sem er st\u00f3rh\u00e6ttulegt l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0inu, ekki satt?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>14<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 tala um raunverulegt pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r ef ekki er leyft a\u00f0 velja \u00fevert \u00e1 lista?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>16<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

6. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00deings\u00e6tum skal \u00fathluta til stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasamtaka \u00ed sem fyllstu samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i greidd listum og frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum samtakanna.<\/span><\/span><\/span>16<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Fer \u00fe\u00e1 ekki m\u00e6lingin \u00e1 flokksfylginu einhvern veginn \u00ed s\u00faginn ef kj\u00f3sendum er leyft a\u00f0 grauta \u00ed frambo\u00f0slistum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>16<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Gleymdi stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 a\u00f0 hafa j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6ti til a\u00f0 tryggja j\u00f6fnu\u00f0 \u00e1 milli flokka?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>16<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Er b\u00fai\u00f0 a\u00f0 fella ni\u00f0ur 5% \u00fer\u00f6skuldinn?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>16<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

7. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00dathluta skal \u00feings\u00e6tum til frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda \u00fat fr\u00e1 atkv\u00e6\u00f0astyrk \u00feeirra.<\/span><\/span><\/span>17<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hvurn fj\u00e1rann merkir \u00feetta?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>17<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hefur \u00fe\u00e1 Al\u00feingi ekkert svigr\u00fam \u00ed kosningal\u00f6gum var\u00f0andi \u00fatf\u00e6rsluna \u00e1 pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rinu?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>17<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Ver\u00f0ur \u00feetta ekki hr\u00e6\u00f0ilega fl\u00f3ki\u00f0? Eitthva\u00f0 sem t\u00f6lvur geta misfari\u00f0 me\u00f0?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>17<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

8. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Binda m\u00e1 allt a\u00f0 \u00ferj\u00e1t\u00edu \u00feings\u00e6ti vi\u00f0 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi. \u00de\u00f3 skulu kj\u00f3sendur a\u00f0 baki hverju bundnu s\u00e6ti ekki vera f\u00e6rri en er a\u00f0 me\u00f0altali a\u00f0 baki hverju \u00feings\u00e6ti \u00e1 landinu.<\/span><\/span><\/span>18<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Gu\u00f0 s\u00e9 oss n\u00e6stur. Hva\u00f0 merkir \u00feessi mo\u00f0su\u00f0a?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>18<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Ver\u00f0a ekki kosningal\u00f6g \u00f3heyrilega fl\u00f3kin me\u00f0 \u00feessu \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span>18<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Er h\u00e6tta \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 landsbygg\u00f0in ver\u00f0i hlunnfarin vi\u00f0 \u00fathlutun \u00feings\u00e6ta?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>18<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Mun reyna \u00e1 \u00feetta \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>19<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

V\u00e6ri \u00fe\u00f6rf \u00e1 \u00feessari \u201emo\u00f0su\u00f0u\u201c ef landi\u00f0 v\u00e6ri eitt kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span>19<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

9. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00cd kosningal\u00f6gum skal stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 sem j\u00f6fnustu hlutfalli kvenna og karla \u00e1 Al\u00feingi.<\/span><\/span><\/span>19<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Er \u00feetta framkv\u00e6manlegt?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>19<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

T\u00ed\u00f0kast kva\u00f0ir um jafnt kynjahlutfall \u00ed nokkrum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00feingum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>20<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

10. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>1. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Breytingar \u00e1 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mam\u00f6rkum, tilh\u00f6gun \u00e1 \u00fathlutun \u00feings\u00e6ta og reglum um frambo\u00f0 ver\u00f0a a\u00f0eins ger\u00f0ar me\u00f0 sam\u00feykki 2\/3 hluta atkv\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1 Al\u00feingi.<\/span><\/span><\/span>20<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hva\u00f0an er \u00feetta \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i komi\u00f0?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>20<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Er \u00feetta ekki varhugavert?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>20<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

11. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>2. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Sl\u00edkar lagabreytingar \u00f6\u00f0last ekki gildi fyrr en sex m\u00e1nu\u00f0ir eru li\u00f0nir fr\u00e1 setningu \u00feeirra.<\/span><\/span><\/span>21<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Til hvers er \u00feessi varnagli?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span>21<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Spurningar um 43. grein<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Al\u00feingi k\u00fds landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rn til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00farskur\u00f0a um gildi forsetakosningar, kosninga til Al\u00feingis svo og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slna.<\/span><\/span><\/span>21<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hverju er veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 breyta?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>21<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hvers vegna \u00feessi breyting?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>21<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

2. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rn gefur \u00fat kj\u00f6rbr\u00e9f forseta og al\u00feingismanna og \u00farskur\u00f0ar hvort \u00feingma\u00f0ur hafi misst kj\u00f6rgengi. Um st\u00f6rf landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rnar fer eftir n\u00e1nari fyrirm\u00e6lum \u00ed l\u00f6gum.<\/span><\/span><\/span>22<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Hva\u00f0 er h\u00e9r n\u00fdtt og hvers vegna?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>22<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

3. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00darskur\u00f0um landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rnar m\u00e1 skj\u00f3ta til d\u00f3mst\u00f3la.<\/span><\/span><\/span>22<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Er \u00fe\u00e1 landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rn m\u00e1ttlaus?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>22<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Spurningar og sv\u00f6r<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

E\u00f0lilega vakna margar spurningar um hinar r\u00f3tt\u00e6ku till\u00f6gur stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s um n\u00fdja skipan kosninga til Al\u00feingis. H\u00e9r ver\u00f0ur brug\u00f0ist vi\u00f0 spurningum sem fram hafa komi\u00f0 e\u00f0a liggja \u00ed loftinu. \u00deeim er ra\u00f0a\u00f0 me\u00f0 tilv\u00edsun \u00ed m\u00e1lsgreinan\u00famer till\u00f6gugreinarinnar<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. Eins og fyrr segir er or\u00f0lagi\u00f0 s\u00f3tt \u00ed valkost stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0sfulltr\u00faa fr\u00e1 fundi \u00feeirra \u00ed mars 2012.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Spurningar um a\u00f0algreinina, 39. grein<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a><\/a>1. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00c1 Al\u00feingi eiga s\u00e6ti 63 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0kj\u00f6rnir \u00feingmenn, kosnir leynilegri kosningu til fj\u00f6gurra \u00e1ra.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Hvers vegna var ekki t\u00f6lu \u00feings\u00e6ta breytt; \u00feeim f\u00e6kka\u00f0?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Krafa um f\u00e6kkun \u00feingmanna var allh\u00e1v\u00e6r um og eftir b\u00fas\u00e1haldabyltinguna. Kannski var \u00fea\u00f0 sagt \u00ed hita leiksins \u00feegar Al\u00feingi l\u00e1 undir \u00e1m\u00e6li. \u00cd stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0i voru greidd atkv\u00e6\u00f0i um hugmyndir um breytta \u00feingmannat\u00f6lu (b\u00e6\u00f0i f\u00e6kkun og fj\u00f6lgun). Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an var\u00f0 a\u00f0 hafa \u00feingmenn jafnmarga og veri\u00f0 hefur \u00ed aldarfj\u00f3r\u00f0ung, 63. R\u00f6kin eru m.a. \u00feessi: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00b7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Al\u00feingi er fali\u00f0 auki\u00f0 hlutverk \u00ed heildartill\u00f6gu stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u00b7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Vi\u00f0fangsefni \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00feinga ver\u00f0a fl\u00f3knari og umfangsmeiri, m.a. vegna aukinna al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamskipta.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

<\/a><\/a>Hvers vegna er ekki lengur tala\u00f0 um \u201ehlutbundnar kosningar\u201c \u00ed m\u00e1lsgreininni?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 tilvitnu\u00f0 or\u00f0 eru felld brott \u00far samsvarandi m\u00e1lsgrein \u00ed gildandi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1. \u00dev\u00ed er til a\u00f0 svara a\u00f0 merking hugtaksins \u201ehlutbundin kosning\u201c hefur \u00e1vallt veri\u00f0 heldur \u00f3lj\u00f3s. Upphaflega mun hafa veri\u00f0 \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 bo\u00f0nir skyldu fram listar; s\u00ed\u00f0ar a\u00f0 \u00feetta merkti hlutfallskosningu. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

S\u00ed\u00f0ar \u00ed 39. gr. frumvarps stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s er fjalla\u00f0 b\u00e6\u00f0i um a\u00f0 bo\u00f0nir skuli fram listar og viki\u00f0 a\u00f0 hlutfallslegu uppgj\u00f6ri kosninganna, \u00feannig a\u00f0 b\u00e1\u00f0um merkingum hugtaksins \u201ehlutbundin kosning\u201c er haldi\u00f0 til haga.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>2. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Atkv\u00e6\u00f0i kj\u00f3senda alls sta\u00f0ar \u00e1 landinu vega jafnt.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Hver er s\u00e1 \u00f3j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur atkv\u00e6\u00f0a sem um er tala\u00f0?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Misv\u00e6gi atkv\u00e6\u00f0a eftir b\u00fasetu hefur veri\u00f0 landl\u00e6gt \u00e1 \u00cdslandi fr\u00e1 upphafi kosninga til Al\u00feingis. Misv\u00e6gi\u00f0 m\u00e1 m\u00e6la sem hlutfall milli t\u00f6lu kj\u00f3senda a\u00f0 baki hverju \u00feings\u00e6ti \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi \u00fear sem s\u00fa tala er h\u00e6st og \u00feess \u00fear sem h\u00fan er l\u00e6gst. Ef atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi er jafnt er \u00feetta hlutfall n\u00e1l\u00e6gt einum. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00cd kosningunum 2009 voru 4.440 kj\u00f3sendur a\u00f0 baki hverju \u00feings\u00e6ti \u00ed Su\u00f0vesturkj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi en 2.125 \u00ed Nor\u00f0vesturkj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi. Misv\u00e6gi\u00f0, hlutfalli\u00f0 h\u00e9r \u00e1 milli, var \u00fev\u00ed r\u00famlega 2, n\u00e1nar tilteki\u00f0 2,09. Samkv\u00e6mt stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i fr\u00e1 1999 m\u00e1 misv\u00e6gi\u00f0 ekki vera meira en tv\u00f6falt. \u00dev\u00ed hefur \u00feings\u00e6ti n\u00fa veri\u00f0 flutt fr\u00e1 Nor\u00f0vesturkj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi til Su\u00f0vesturkj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis fyrir n\u00e6stu kosningar.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Ekki ver\u00f0ur s\u00e9\u00f0 a\u00f0 kerfisbundin p\u00f3lit\u00edsk stefna hafi legi\u00f0 a\u00f0 baki misv\u00e6ginu heldur hefur \u00fea\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 til vegna b\u00fasetubreytinga. Stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rgjafinn, Al\u00feingi, hefur af og til gripi\u00f0 inn \u00ed og lei\u00f0r\u00e9tt misv\u00e6gi\u00f0, en aldrei til fulls.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>En er ekki fullur j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur milli flokka \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir atkv\u00e6\u00f0amisv\u00e6gi\u00f0? Hva\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00e1 veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 jafna?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Svari\u00f0 vi\u00f0 fyrri spurningunni er \u201ej\u00e1\u201c en \u00fe\u00f3 me\u00f0 fyrirvara. Uppb\u00f3tars\u00e6ti voru tekin upp 1934 og nefnd j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6ti fr\u00e1 1987. \u00deau eru til \u00feess a\u00f0 jafna \u00e1 milli flokka \u00fev\u00ed misv\u00e6gi sem ver\u00f0ur vegna mismunandi atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gis. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Allt fr\u00e1 1987 hefur n\u00e1\u00f0st a\u00f0 tryggja hverjum flokki sem komist hefur yfir 5% \u00fer\u00f6skuldinn \u00fe\u00e1 t\u00f6lu \u00feings\u00e6ta sem hann \u00e6tti skili\u00f0 ef landi\u00f0 v\u00e6ri eitt kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi og \u00fear me\u00f0 \u00e1n alls b\u00fasetumisv\u00e6gis. En \u00fea\u00f0 er engan veginn tryggt a\u00f0 svo ver\u00f0i \u00e6t\u00ed\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 eru einungis n\u00edu j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6ti til r\u00e1\u00f0st\u00f6funar. N\u00e1i t.d. \u00ferj\u00fa n\u00fd frambo\u00f0 a\u00f0 komast yfir 5% \u00fer\u00f6skuldinn hl\u00fdtur hvert \u00feeirra a.m.k. \u00ferj\u00fa s\u00e6ti. \u00deau ver\u00f0a vart kj\u00f6rd\u00e6miss\u00e6ti, mun frekar a\u00f0 \u00feau ver\u00f0i s\u00f3tt \u00ed sarp j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6ta. \u00de\u00e1 v\u00e6ru engin eftir til a\u00f0 jafna innbyr\u00f0is milli hinna hef\u00f0bundnu flokka, innan \u201efj\u00f3rflokksins\u201c sem svo hefur veri\u00f0 kalla\u00f0ur upp \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0kasti\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 v\u00e6ru st\u00f3ru flokkarnir, Samfylking og Sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isflokkur, sem einkum myndu gjalda \u00feessa.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Gallinn vi\u00f0 \u00feetta j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6takerfi er margv\u00edslegur:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00b7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00dea\u00f0 kallar \u00e1 fl\u00f3knar \u00fathlutunarreglur me\u00f0 handah\u00f3fskenndri \u00fatkomu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u00b7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Undir \u00feessu j\u00f6fnunarkerfi eru kj\u00f3sendur lista \u00e1 h\u00f6fu\u00f0borgarsv\u00e6\u00f0inu allt eins a\u00f0 velja frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur utan af landi til \u00feingsetu, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 f\u00e1 \u00fear nokkru um r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u00b7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Kerfi\u00f0 bitnar l\u00edka \u00e1 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum \u00feeirra flokka \u00e1 h\u00f6fu\u00f0borgarsv\u00e6\u00f0inu sem eru sterkir \u00e1 landsbygg\u00f0inni. \u00deannig f\u00e9kk listi Frams\u00f3knarflokksins \u00ed Su\u00f0vesturkj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi a\u00f0eins einn \u00feingmann \u00ed kosningunum 2009 \u00fat \u00e1 5.627 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i en tv\u00f6 \u00feings\u00e6ti \u00fat \u00e1 mun minna fylgi, 3.967 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i, \u00ed Nor\u00f0vesturkj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

Einfalt svar vi\u00f0 spurningunni er \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 jafna atkv\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00e9ttinn b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gu kj\u00f3senda og frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Er ekki sanngjarnt a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta \u00edb\u00faum landsbygg\u00f0arkj\u00f6rd\u00e6ma upp a\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0umun me\u00f0 auknu atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

A\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0umunur getur veri\u00f0 af \u00fdmsu tagi en v\u00e6ntanlega er \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem b\u00faa su\u00f0vestanlands eigi beinni og au\u00f0veldari a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ldum en hinir. Er \u00fea\u00f0 svo? Hve oft kemst \u00edb\u00fai \u00ed \u00fatj\u00f6\u00f0rum h\u00f6fu\u00f0borgarsv\u00e6\u00f0isins \u00ed t\u00e6ri vi\u00f0 \u00feingmenn s\u00edna e\u00f0a a\u00f0ra valdsmenn? Jafnframt m\u00e1 spyrja hvort landfr\u00e6\u00f0ileg fjarl\u00e6g\u00f0 skipti sk\u00f6pum \u00e1 d\u00f6gum netsamskipta af \u00f6llu tagi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Ef b\u00e6ta \u00e1 upp a\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0umun me\u00f0 auknu atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi, hvar \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta sta\u00f0ar numi\u00f0? Hva\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 sem fara halloka af \u00f6\u00f0rum s\u00f6kum en b\u00fasetu, svo sem fatla\u00f0ir? Eiga \u00feeir \u00fe\u00e1 ekki kr\u00f6fu \u00e1 auknu atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi? Og \u00f6fugt, \u00e6ttu hinir r\u00edku a\u00f0 hafa skertan atkv\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00e9tt?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Allir eiga a\u00f0 vera jafnir fyrir l\u00f6gum og nj\u00f3ta s\u00f6mu mannr\u00e9ttinda. L\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 getur ekki veri\u00f0 stigskipt. \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 tala um h\u00e1lf mannr\u00e9ttindi, hvorki \u00ed kosningarr\u00e9tti n\u00e9 \u00f6\u00f0rum l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e9ttindum. \u00deess vegna gengur ekki a\u00f0 jafna meintan a\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0umun me\u00f0 \u00feeirri misj\u00f6fnun mannr\u00e9ttinda sem felst \u00ed misv\u00e6gi atkv\u00e6\u00f0a.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi er ekki a\u00f0eins \u00f3jafnt \u00e1 \u00cdslandi. Hvers vegna \u00feurfum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 ganga lengra en a\u00f0rir?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Sko\u00f0um fyrst Nor\u00f0url\u00f6ndin. \u00cd Finnlandi, F\u00e6reyjum og Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 er sk\u00fdrt kve\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 um jafnt v\u00e6gi atkv\u00e6\u00f0a. F\u00e6reyjum var til skamms t\u00edma skipt upp \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi me\u00f0 miklu misv\u00e6gi atkv\u00e6\u00f0a en n\u00fa er landi\u00f0 eitt kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi og \u00fear me\u00f0 allir kj\u00f3sendur me\u00f0 sama atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Danir og Nor\u00f0menn eru me\u00f0 fl\u00f3knar (en d\u00e1l\u00edti\u00f0 \u00f3l\u00edkar) a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir til a\u00f0 skipta s\u00e6tum eftir blandi af f\u00f3lks- e\u00f0a kj\u00f3sendafj\u00f6lda og flatarm\u00e1li kj\u00f6rd\u00e6ma. \u00deetta kemur undarlega \u00fat en skiptir ekki jafnmiklu m\u00e1li og misv\u00e6gi\u00f0 h\u00e9r. Hj\u00e1 Nor\u00f0m\u00f6nnum \u00feyrfti a\u00f0 f\u00e6ra til sj\u00f6 af 169 s\u00e6tum til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 fullum j\u00f6fnu\u00f0i en hj\u00e1 okkur a\u00f0eins einu minna, \u00fe.e. sex, en n\u00fa af mun f\u00e6rri s\u00e6tum alls, 63 s\u00e6tum. Hi\u00f0 \u00f3skipulag\u00f0a misv\u00e6gi h\u00e9r er \u00fev\u00ed hlutfallslega mun minna en hi\u00f0 skipulag\u00f0a \u00ed Noregi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Utan Nor\u00f0urlanda er jafnt v\u00e6gi \u00ed \u00f6llum helstu grannl\u00f6ndum okkar: \u00de\u00fdskalandi, Hollandi, Bretlandi og \u00cdrlandi svo a\u00f0 n\u00e6rt\u00e6kustu d\u00e6min s\u00e9u tekin.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Stundum er bent \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00f6ll fylki Bandar\u00edkjanna, st\u00f3r og sm\u00e1, hafi tv\u00f6 s\u00e6ti \u00ed \u00f6ldungadeildinni \u00ed Washington. Hli\u00f0st\u00e6tt \u00e1 vi\u00f0 um sambandsr\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed \u00de\u00fdskalandi sem er samkunda \u00fe\u00fdsku fylkjanna (\u201elandanna\u201c) til a\u00f0halds sambands\u00feinginu. Eins m\u00e1 nefna Evr\u00f3pu\u00feingi\u00f0, Sameinu\u00f0u \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0irnar e\u00f0a anna\u00f0 yfir\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legt e\u00f0a yfirr\u00edkjalegt \u00feinghald. Kosningar til sl\u00edkra yfirsamkundna eru \u00fe\u00f3 \u00e1 engan veg samb\u00e6rilegar vi\u00f0 val til l\u00f6ggjafar\u00feings. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Til fulltr\u00faadeildarinnar \u00ed Bandar\u00edkjunum e\u00f0a sambands\u00feingsins \u00ed Berl\u00edn hafa allir jafnan kosningarr\u00e9tt.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00cd fr\u00e6gum d\u00f3mi H\u00e6star\u00e9ttar Bandar\u00edkjanna er kve\u00f0i\u00f0 upp \u00far um jafnt v\u00e6gi atkv\u00e6\u00f0a. \u00de\u00e1verandi forseti r\u00e9ttarins, Earl Warren, l\u00e9t fleyg or\u00f0 falla: <\/span><\/span>„Legislators represent people, not trees or acres. Legislators are elected by voters, not farms or cities or economic interests.“<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Ef jafna \u00e1 atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi\u00f0 til fulls, ver\u00f0ur \u00fe\u00e1 ekki a\u00f0 gera landi\u00f0 a\u00f0 einu kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Nei, \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki nau\u00f0synlegt. Vitaskuld n\u00e6st ekki fullkomlega jafnt v\u00e6gi atkv\u00e6\u00f0a ef landinu er \u00e1fram skipt upp \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi, en munurinn sem ver\u00f0ur \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milega af reiknislegum \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um er \u00f3verulegur og skiptir ekki m\u00e1li. Ef s\u00e6tunum 63 hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 skipt sem jafnast \u00e1 milli n\u00faverandi kj\u00f6rd\u00e6ma \u00ed kosningunum 2009 hef\u00f0u minnst 3.545 kj\u00f3sendur veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 baki s\u00e6ti en mest 3.646. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00f3verulegur munur.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>3. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Heimilt er a\u00f0 skipta landinu upp \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi, flest \u00e1tta<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Hverju er breytt fr\u00e1 n\u00faverandi skipan kj\u00f6rd\u00e6ma?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Lengst af hafa kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi veri\u00f0 ni\u00f0urnegld \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1, b\u00e6\u00f0i tala \u00feeirra og m\u00f6rk. Me\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytingu \u00e1ri\u00f0 1999 \u2013 sem enn er \u00ed gildi \u2013 var \u00feessu h\u00e6tt; a\u00f0eins sagt hva\u00f0 \u00feau m\u00e6ttu vera m\u00f6rg. Ramminn er \u00fe\u00f3 \u00fer\u00f6ngur, kj\u00f6rd\u00e6min skulu vera sex e\u00f0a sj\u00f6. Kj\u00f6rd\u00e6min eru n\u00fa sex samkv\u00e6mt \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um gildandi kosningalaga og Reykjav\u00edk skipt upp \u00ed tv\u00f6, sem kunnugt er. \u00dea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri ekki unnt a\u00f0 sameina Reykjav\u00edk aftur \u00ed eitt kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi \u00e1n stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytingar nema me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 skipta \u00f6\u00f0ru upp \u00ed sta\u00f0inn, t.d. \u00fev\u00ed fj\u00f6lmennasta, Su\u00f0vesturkj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi, \u00ed nor\u00f0ur- og su\u00f0urhluta.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00cd till\u00f6gu stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s er gefi\u00f0 r\u00famt svigr\u00fam. \u00c1n \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 beinl\u00ednis sagt er grunnhugmyndin s\u00fa a\u00f0 landi\u00f0 s\u00e9 eitt kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi, en Al\u00feingi er heimilt \u00ed kosningal\u00f6gum a\u00f0 skipta landinu upp \u00ed allt a\u00f0 \u00e1tta kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi. H\u00e1marki\u00f0 tekur mi\u00f0 af t\u00f6lu landshlutasamtaka sveitarf\u00e9laga. Kj\u00f6rd\u00e6maskipanin m\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed t.d. vera \u00f3breytt fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed sem n\u00fa er.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Gleymdist ekki a\u00f0 setja \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um t\u00f6lu \u00feings\u00e6ta hvers kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rfrumvarpi\u00f0?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Nei! \u00cd fyrsta lagi var me\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu breytingu \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni (1999) h\u00e6tt a\u00f0 skilgreina kj\u00f6rd\u00e6min og telja upp hve margir \u00feingmenn \u00e6ttu a\u00f0 koma \u00far hverju. \u00c1kv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed till\u00f6gu stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s um jafnt v\u00e6gi atkv\u00e6\u00f0a segir \u00fea\u00f0 sem segja \u00fearf um hvernig beri a\u00f0 skipta s\u00e6tum \u00e1 milli kj\u00f6rd\u00e6ma.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

En h\u00f6fu\u00f0atri\u00f0i\u00f0 er a\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed fyrirkomulagi sem stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 leggur til r\u00e6\u00f0st tala \u00feings\u00e6ta hvers kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis af kosninga\u00farslitunum, ekki af fyrirframgefnum reglum. S\u00ed\u00f0an er a\u00f0 v\u00edsu settur varnagli til a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 ekkert kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi ver\u00f0i \u00fatundan. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Ver\u00f0ur landi\u00f0 einhvern t\u00edmann eitt kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00deetta er vissulega kappsm\u00e1l margra, en ekki allra. Samkv\u00e6mt till\u00f6gu stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s er \u00fea\u00f0 alfari\u00f0 \u00e1 valdi Al\u00feingis hvort svo ver\u00f0ur e\u00f0a ekki. \u00dea\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 teljast l\u00edklegt a\u00f0 \u00feingi\u00f0 muni ekki afnema kj\u00f6rd\u00e6min \u00ed br\u00e1\u00f0. \u00der\u00f3unin g\u00e6ti \u00fe\u00f3 or\u00f0i\u00f0 sl\u00edk eftir a\u00f0 reynsla v\u00e6ri komin \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 landslistafyrirkomulag sem stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 leggur til.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

En svo ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er og ver\u00f0ur erfitt a\u00f0 breyta umr\u00e6ddum \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um kosningalaga. B\u00e6\u00f0i samkv\u00e6mt gildandi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1, svo og \u00feeirri r\u00e1\u00f0ger\u00f0u, \u00fearf 2\/3 atkv\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1 Al\u00feingi til a\u00f0 breyting hlj\u00f3ti sam\u00feykki, \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 undanskildum fyrstu l\u00f6gunum \u00ed kj\u00f6lfar stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytingar. \u00dea\u00f0 mun \u00fev\u00ed lengi b\u00faa a\u00f0 fyrstu ger\u00f0.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Af hverju er girt fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 skipta landinu \u00ed einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 h\u00e1marki\u00f0 \u00e1tta gefur ekki kost \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0ru en a\u00f0 jafnst\u00f3r kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi geti minnst veri\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00e1tta \u00feings\u00e6ti hvert, a\u00f0 einu undanskildu sem yr\u00f0i a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta s\u00e9r sj\u00f6 n\u00e6gja vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00e1tta gengur ekki upp \u00ed 63!<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi eru \u00fev\u00ed \u00fatiloku\u00f0 enda v\u00e6ri me\u00f0 \u00feeim alfari\u00f0 horfi\u00f0 fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed fyrirkomulagi sem hefur veri\u00f0 meginreglan h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi \u00ed h\u00e1lfa \u00f6ld og er alls sta\u00f0ar annars sta\u00f0ar \u00e1 Nor\u00f0url\u00f6ndum, \u00fe.e.a.s. kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi me\u00f0 tilt\u00f6lulega m\u00f6rgum \u00feings\u00e6tum hvert og einhvers konar j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6ti a\u00f0 auki.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Hreint einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6makerfi lei\u00f0ir til mikils \u00f3jafna\u00f0ar milli flokka. \u00cd reynd munu a\u00f0eins tveir flokkar berjast um v\u00f6ldin. A\u00f0 nokkru leyti m\u00e1 \u00fe\u00f3 sj\u00e1 vi\u00f0 \u00feessu me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 velja hinn eina \u00feingmann hvers kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis me\u00f0 forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0un, eins og stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 leggur til um kj\u00f6r \u00e1 forseta \u00cdslands.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Vissulega m\u00e6tti fara blanda\u00f0a lei\u00f0 einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6ma og landslista. \u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e6tti t.d. skipta s\u00e6tunum til helminga eins og gert er \u00ed \u00de\u00fdskalandi \u00ed kosningum til sambands\u00feingsins. Flokkaj\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur \u00e6tti \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 n\u00e1st. S\u00fa er \u00fe\u00f3 ekki alfari\u00f0 raunin \u00ed \u00de\u00fdskalandi og hefur \u00fe\u00fdski stj\u00f3rnlagad\u00f3mst\u00f3llinn tv\u00edvegis l\u00fdst kosningal\u00f6g stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbrot af \u00feeim s\u00f6kum, en sambands\u00feingi\u00f0 hefur \u00ferj\u00f3skast vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 laga l\u00f6gin!<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Kalla ekki einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi \u00ed hinu litla \u00cdslandi \u00e1 \u00f3t\u00e6pilega hreppap\u00f3lit\u00edk? Einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi \u00ed sl\u00edku kerfi v\u00e6ru a\u00f0 me\u00f0altali me\u00f0 um 3.500 kj\u00f3sendur hvert, e\u00f0a um 7.000 ef farin v\u00e6ri blanda\u00f0a lei\u00f0in.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

V\u00e6ri g\u00e1fulegt a\u00f0 skipta Reykjav\u00edk upp \u00ed 24 einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi? V\u00e6ri \u00fe\u00e1 ekki h\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hrein hverfap\u00f3lit\u00edk f\u00e6r\u00f0ist inn \u00e1 Al\u00feingi? Litlu breytti \u00ed \u00feeim efnum \u00fe\u00f3tt Reykjav\u00edkurkj\u00f6rd\u00e6min v\u00e6ru a\u00f0eins 12, sbr. \u00e1bendinguna um blanda\u00f0a lei\u00f0.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>4. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>1. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasamt\u00f6kum skal heimilt a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a fram kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mislista og landslista.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Til hvers a\u00f0 fl\u00e6kja m\u00e1li\u00f0 me\u00f0 landslistum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Fyrir \u00fev\u00ed eru tv\u00e6r \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur. Annars vegar koma \u00feeir a\u00f0 nokkru \u00ed sta\u00f0 n\u00faverandi j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6ta \u2013 sem \u00e1 vissan h\u00e1tt eru og hafa veri\u00f0 landss\u00e6ti. Hins vegar eru \u00feeir beinl\u00ednis hugsa\u00f0ir sem m\u00e1lami\u00f0lun milli \u00feeirra sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0a a\u00f0 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur geti h\u00f6f\u00f0a\u00f0 til kj\u00f3senda alls landsins og svo \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feeir geti og vilji s\u00e6kja fylgi til kj\u00f3senda hver \u00ed sinni heimabygg\u00f0.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

En svo ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 andm\u00e6la \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 fl\u00e6kja m\u00e1li\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00feessu, sbr. svar vi\u00f0 n\u00e6stu spurningu um fyrirmyndir.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Eru ekki sl\u00edkir landslistar framandi \u00e1 \u00cdslandi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Aldeilis ekki. Allt fr\u00e1 upphafi hefur hluti \u00feingmanna \u00ed raun veri\u00f0 valinn h\u00e9r \u00e1 landsv\u00edsu. Fyrst voru \u00fea\u00f0 konungsskipa\u00f0ir \u00feingmenn (1874-1914), s\u00ed\u00f0an voru vi\u00f0haf\u00f0ar sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0ar landskosningar, \u00f3h\u00e1\u00f0ar kj\u00f6rd\u00e6makosningum (1916-1933). \u00c1 \u00e1rabilinu 1934-1959 var beinl\u00ednis landslistafyrirkomulag mj\u00f6g svipa\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed sem stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 leggur til. Allt fr\u00e1 1934 hefur drj\u00fagum hluta \u00feings\u00e6ta jafnframt veri\u00f0 \u00fathluta\u00f0 \u00e1 grundvelli heildaratkv\u00e6\u00f0at\u00f6lu \u00e1 landinu \u00f6llu. Fyrst voru \u00feau nefnd uppb\u00f3tars\u00e6ti en fr\u00e1 1987 j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6ti.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Hreint landslistakerfi var \u00fev\u00ed vi\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0i h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi um langan t\u00edma, e\u00f0a 1916-1959.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>T\u00ed\u00f0kast svona landslistafyrirkomulag nokkurs sta\u00f0ar?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Heldur betur. \u00c1l\u00edka j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6takerfi og \u00e1 \u00cdslandi t\u00ed\u00f0kast alls sta\u00f0ar \u00e1 Nor\u00f0url\u00f6ndum, a\u00f0 Finnlandi undanteknu, enda er vandinn \u00fear leystur me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum h\u00e6tti. \u00c1 Nor\u00f0url\u00f6ndum er \u00fev\u00ed horft til landsfylgis vi\u00f0 val \u00e1 st\u00f3rum hluta \u00feingmanna. \u00cd <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/a>\u00de\u00fdskalandi er helmingur \u00feingmanna \u00e1 sambands\u00feinginu beinl\u00ednis landskj\u00f6rinn. Sama \u00e1 almennt vi\u00f0 \u00ed fylkis\u00feingskosningum \u00ed \u00feessu st\u00f3ra sambandsr\u00edki. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Og svo m\u00e6tti lengi telja, s\u00e9 v\u00ed\u00f0ar leita\u00f0. \u00cd Hollandi er fyrirkomulag allt mj\u00f6g svipa\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed sem stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 leggur til. \u00dear eru a\u00f0 v\u00edsu ekki formlegir landslistar en allir mega bj\u00f3\u00f0a sig fram \u00ed \u00f6llum kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mum samt\u00edmis. Flokkarnir bj\u00f3\u00f0a a.m.k. fram lykilmenn s\u00edna \u00ed \u00f6llum kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mum, en menn sem eru vel \u00feekktir innan s\u00edns kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis verma hei\u00f0urss\u00e6tin, svona til a\u00f0 trekkja a\u00f0. En allir hinir eru \u00ed reynd \u00e1 einum allsherjarlandslista.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Hva\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00fev\u00ed hvernig og \u00ed hva\u00f0a r\u00f6\u00f0 listum skal stillt upp?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er eftirl\u00e1ti\u00f0 l\u00f6ggjafanum a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0a \u00ed kosningal\u00f6gum, allt eins og er \u00ed gildandi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Kannski v\u00e6ri einfaldast a\u00f0 leyfa flokkunum sj\u00e1lfum a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a \u00feessu. Sumir kynnu a\u00f0 vilja hafa frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur \u00ed stafr\u00f3fsr\u00f6\u00f0, a\u00f0rir \u00ed einhverri forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0 (foringjarnir efst) og enn a\u00f0rir kynnu a\u00f0 vilja \u201efl\u00e9ttulista\u201c (konu og karl til skiptis).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

En kjarni m\u00e1lsins er s\u00e1 a\u00f0 flokkarnir r\u00e1\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed hverjir fara \u00ed frambo\u00f0 af \u00feeirra h\u00e1lfu \u2013 allt eins og veri\u00f0 hefur. Fullyr\u00f0ingar eins og \u00fe\u00e6r a\u00f0 till\u00f6gur stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s r\u00ed\u00f0i flokkunum a\u00f0 fullu eru \u00far lausu lofti gripnar. \u00deeir munu lifa g\u00f3\u00f0u \u2013 og nau\u00f0synlegu \u2013 l\u00edfi r\u00e9tt eins og er annars sta\u00f0ar \u00fear sem \u00fe\u00f3 er sterkt pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r. \u00deetta er reynslan fr\u00e1 Finnlandi, F\u00e6reyjum, Hollandi, \u00cdrlandi o.s.frv.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>En skiptir \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 ekki m\u00e1li hvernig listanum er ra\u00f0a\u00f0 upp \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 hverjir n\u00e1 kj\u00f6ri?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Einmitt ekki \u2013 og \u00fea\u00f0 er lykilatri\u00f0i sem fjalla\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur um undir 6. mgr.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00c1 hinn b\u00f3ginn gefur s\u00e1 flokkur sem ra\u00f0ar s\u00ednum lista (hefur hann ekki a\u00f0eins \u00ed stafr\u00f3fsr\u00f6\u00f0) kj\u00f3sendum sterk skilabo\u00f0 um \u00fea\u00f0 hva\u00f0a frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur \u00feeir eigi helst a\u00f0 velja.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>4. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>2. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Frambj\u00f3\u00f0andi m\u00e1 vera \u00e1 landslista og kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mislista s\u00f6mu samtaka.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Hvers vegna mega s\u00f6mu frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur b\u00e6\u00f0i vera \u00ed frambo\u00f0i \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi og \u00e1 landslista?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00deetta er mergurinn m\u00e1lsins \u00ed allri hugmyndinni, eins og l\u00edka er \u00fatlista\u00f0 \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum sv\u00f6rum. Me\u00f0 \u00feessu vinnst m.a. eftirfarandi:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00b7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>B\u00e6\u00f0i kj\u00f3sendur og frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur f\u00e1 auki\u00f0 valfrelsi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u00b7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur sem a\u00f0eins bj\u00f3\u00f0a sig fram \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mum f\u00e1 a\u00f0hald fr\u00e1 \u00feeim sem eru l\u00edka \u00e1 landslistum um a\u00f0 gleyma s\u00e9r ekki \u00ed \u201ekj\u00f6rd\u00e6mapoti\u201c. A\u00f0 sama skapi hvetur \u00feetta fyrirkomulag \u00fe\u00e1 sem bj\u00f3\u00f0a sig fram b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi og \u00e1 landsv\u00edsu til a\u00f0 hugsa l\u00edka til heimabygg\u00f0ar sinnar.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u00b7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Svo er \u00feetta li\u00f0ur \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tryggja kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mum sem flesta \u00feingmenn me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur geti s\u00f3tt fylgi \u00fat fyrir kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi sitt.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u00dear sem kosi\u00f0 er af landslistum samt\u00edmis kj\u00f6rd\u00e6makj\u00f6ri, a.m.k. \u00ed okkar heimshluta, t\u00ed\u00f0kast a\u00f0 s\u00f6mu frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur mega vera \u00ed bo\u00f0i \u00e1 b\u00e1\u00f0um st\u00f6\u00f0um. Svo var l\u00edka \u00e1 \u00cdslandi 1934-1959 og er t.d. \u00ed hinum \u00fe\u00fdska heimi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>5. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>1. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Kj\u00f3sandi skal geta vali\u00f0 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur af listum \u00ed s\u00ednu kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi og af landslistum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Hvers vegna \u00e6tti kj\u00f3sandi a\u00f0 drepa atkv\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00ednu \u00e1 dreif og kj\u00f3sa frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur af landslista, sem eru e.t.v. l\u00edka \u00ed frambo\u00f0i \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00cd fyrsta lagi er hann ekkert a\u00f0 \u201edrepa atkv\u00e6\u00f0inu \u00e1 dreif\u201c. Allar merkingar kj\u00f3sandans gagnast \u00feeim flokki (e\u00f0a flokkum) sem hann vill sty\u00f0ja.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Kj\u00f3sandi kann a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 menn \u00ed bo\u00f0i \u00e1 landslista sem hann vill taka fram yfir a.m.k. suma \u00feeirra sem bj\u00f3\u00f0a sig einungis fram \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6minu. \u00dea\u00f0 er t.d. ekki einleiki\u00f0 hversu margir \u00f6flugir stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lamenn hafa komi\u00f0 af Vestfj\u00f6r\u00f0um. Kynnu ekki kj\u00f3sendur \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mum a\u00f0 vilja velja s\u00e9r mann a\u00f0 vestan?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Margir h\u00f6fu\u00f0borgarb\u00faar eru komnir utan af landi. Vera m\u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00feeir \u00feekki betur til frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda \u00far fyrri heimabygg\u00f0, og \u00fea\u00f0 af g\u00f3\u00f0u einu. Hv\u00ed ekki a\u00f0 merkja vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Ver\u00f0ur ekki atkv\u00e6\u00f0ase\u00f0illinn \u00f3vi\u00f0r\u00e1\u00f0anlegur a\u00f0 st\u00e6r\u00f0, me\u00f0 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis- og landslistum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Svo \u00fearf ekki a\u00f0 vera. H\u00e9r f\u00e6r Al\u00feingi miki\u00f0 svigr\u00fam \u00ed kosningal\u00f6gum til a\u00f0 halda \u00feessu \u00ed h\u00f3fi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Kj\u00f6rse\u00f0lar eru v\u00ed\u00f0a umfangsmiklir. Meti\u00f0 sem fundist hefur er \u00far fylkiskosningum \u00ed Hamborg fr\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0asta \u00e1ri \u00fear sem \u201ese\u00f0illinn\u201c var allt a\u00f0 62 s\u00ed\u00f0na b\u00f3k! \u00deetta er \u00fe\u00f3 ekki til fyrirmyndar.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00cd Hollandi g\u00e6tu \u2013 a\u00f0 \u00edslenskum reglum um frambo\u00f0 \u2013 veri\u00f0 allt a\u00f0 300 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur \u00e1 sama se\u00f0li, og \u00fea\u00f0 fyrir hvern flokk! Svo er \u00fe\u00f3 ekki \u00fear sem kosningal\u00f6g setja \u00fev\u00ed mun meiri skor\u00f0ur hva\u00f0 flokkarnir mega bj\u00f3\u00f0a marga fram. Sama m\u00e6tti h\u00e6glega gera h\u00e9r.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00cd Finnlandi f\u00e1 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur n\u00famer. \u00dear sem kj\u00f3sandi hefur \u00fea\u00f0 eina hlutverk a\u00f0 velja s\u00e9r einn frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda er kj\u00f6rse\u00f0illinn einn s\u00e1 einfaldasti um v\u00ed\u00f0a ver\u00f6ld. \u00dear er a\u00f0eins reitur (reyndar hringur) fyrir n\u00famer \u00feess frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda sem kj\u00f3sandinn vill sty\u00f0ja. Svipa\u00f0 fyrirkomulag var vi\u00f0haft \u00ed stj\u00f3rnlaga\u00feingskosningunni fyrir tveimur \u00e1rum, enda voru frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur \u00fe\u00e1 margir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

A\u00f0 lokum, \u00fea\u00f0 mikilv\u00e6gasta \u00ed \u00feessum efnum er a\u00f0 flokkarnir munu sj\u00e1 skynsemina \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hafa frambo\u00f0slista ekki \u00f3heyrilega langa. \u00deeir munu stilla \u00f6flugum heimam\u00f6nnum upp \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6munum, en setja s\u00ed\u00f0an alla lykilframbj\u00f3\u00f0endur \u00e1 landslistann.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>\u00dearf kj\u00f3sandinn a\u00f0 merkja vi\u00f0 helling af frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum, jafnvel ra\u00f0a \u00feeim \u00ed forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0, allt hi\u00f0 erfi\u00f0asta m\u00e1l?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 leggur vi\u00f0fangsefni\u00f0 \u00ed hendur kosningalagagjafanum, Al\u00feingi. \u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e6tti hafa \u00feetta s\u00e1raeinfalt, n\u00e6stum \u00fev\u00ed eins og \u00ed Finnlandi, \u00fear sem kj\u00f3sandinn fer a\u00f0eins me\u00f0 einn kross (r\u00e9ttara sagt n\u00famer). \u00dea\u00f0 er a\u00f0 v\u00edsu h\u00e6pi\u00f0 a\u00f0 finnski einfaldleikinn r\u00fama\u00f0ist alfari\u00f0 innan till\u00f6gu stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s. Jafnframt m\u00e1 gagnr\u00fdna \u00feetta finnska kerfi me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fdti undir \u201estj\u00f6rnud\u00fdrkun\u201c.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Grunnhugmyndin hj\u00e1 r\u00e1\u00f0inu var s\u00fa a\u00f0 leyfa kj\u00f3sandanum a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a \u2013 enn og aftur a\u00f0 treysta kj\u00f3sendum og gefa \u00feeim valfrelsi. Kj\u00f3sandi m\u00e1 merkja vi\u00f0 einn flokk og segja \u00fear me\u00f0 pass, e\u00f0a vi\u00f0 einn frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda (eins og finnskir kj\u00f3sendur gera). En svo m\u00e6tti kj\u00f3sandinn \u00feynna atkv\u00e6\u00f0i sitt \u00fat me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 merkja vi\u00f0 tvo e\u00f0a fleiri frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur ef hann svo kysi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0un \u00e1 \u00feeim frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum sem kj\u00f3sandinn vill sty\u00f0ja veitir kj\u00f3sendum \u00f6flugt t\u00f3l. En \u00fea\u00f0 er undir Al\u00feingi komi\u00f0 hvort \u00fea\u00f0 vill ganga svo langt \u00ed valfrelsi kj\u00f3senda. Stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 hampar hvorki \u00feeirri a\u00f0fer\u00f0 n\u00e9 heldur setur henni skor\u00f0ur. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

V\u00ed\u00f0a \u00ed heiminum f\u00e1 kj\u00f3sendur n\u00f3g a\u00f0 gera \u00ed kj\u00f6rklefanum. \u00cd sumum \u00fe\u00fdskum kosningum, svo d\u00e6mi s\u00e9 teki\u00f0, f\u00e1 kj\u00f3sendur fimm krossa sem \u00feeir mega drita v\u00edtt og breitt um kj\u00f6rse\u00f0ilinn (62-s\u00ed\u00f0an b\u00f3kina \u00ed Hamborg!), ekki bara \u00e1 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur heldur l\u00edka \u00e1 flokka og \u00fea\u00f0 fleiri en einn. \u00deeir mega auk \u00feess setja fleiri en einn kross vi\u00f0 sama frambj\u00f3\u00f0andann e\u00f0a flokkinn.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Stu\u00f0lar \u00feetta v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6ka pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rskerfi a\u00f0 hanaslag innan hvers flokks?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Vitaskuld vilja \u00feeir sem bj\u00f3\u00f0a sig fram n\u00e1 kj\u00f6ri (nema \u00feeir s\u00e9u til skrauts \u00e1 listanum). \u00deeir munu \u00fev\u00ed vilja kynna sig me\u00f0 einhverju m\u00f3ti. En flokkarnir munu og eiga a\u00f0 setja \u00fev\u00ed m\u00f6rk hva\u00f0 gera megi \u00ed \u00feeim efnum. \u00deetta hafa \u00feeir \u00feegar gert var\u00f0andi pr\u00f3fkj\u00f6r og geta \u00fatf\u00e6rt \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed hinu n\u00fdja kerfi. Jafnframt m\u00e1 \u00ed l\u00f6gum setja \u00fev\u00ed skynsamleg m\u00f6rk hvernig kynning m\u00e1 vera og hverju til kosta.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Allt auki\u00f0 valfrelsi felur \u00ed s\u00e9r vissar h\u00e6ttur, sama hvort \u00fea\u00f0 er vi\u00f0 kj\u00f6rbor\u00f0i\u00f0 e\u00f0a \u00ed kj\u00f6rb\u00fa\u00f0inni. Samt myndum vi\u00f0 ekki vilja a\u00f0 einhver yfirv\u00f6ld t\u00e6kju fram fyrir hendurnar \u00e1 okkur og seg\u00f0u okkur a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 yr\u00f0um a\u00f0 velja svona og ekki hinsegin \u00ed innkaupak\u00f6rfuna. Kannski \u00fdkt saml\u00edking, en bundnir flokkslistar \u00fear sem kj\u00f3sandinn hefur \u00ed raun ekkert val eru af svipu\u00f0um toga. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a>M\u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 ekki lengur strika \u00fat?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Nei, enda hef\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0 enga merkingu \u00fear sem frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur f\u00e1 ekkert s\u00e9rstakt atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi \u00fat \u00e1 setuna eina saman \u00e1 listanum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00datstrikun er neikv\u00e6\u00f0 kosningaath\u00f6fn og \u00fev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur s\u00fa eina sem eitthvert gagn er a\u00f0 \u00ed n\u00faverandi kosningakerfi. Sv\u00edar \u00fatr\u00fdmdu \u00fatstrikunum l\u00edka \u00feegar \u00feeir t\u00f3ku upp pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r. Fari\u00f0 hefur f\u00e9 betra!<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>5. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>2. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Kj\u00f3si hann heldur lista hefur hann vali\u00f0 alla frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur listans jafnt.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Er \u00fe\u00e1 s\u00e1 sem merkir einungis vi\u00f0 lista ekki a\u00f0 lj\u00e1 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum stu\u00f0ning \u00ed \u00feeirri r\u00f6\u00f0 sem \u00feeir eru \u00e1 listanum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Nei, hann leggur alla frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur listans a\u00f0 j\u00f6fnu; \u00fea\u00f0 er sk\u00fdrt samkv\u00e6mt \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0inu. Hann treystir \u00feeim kj\u00f3sendum sem hir\u00f0a um a\u00f0 velja frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur til a\u00f0 velja fyrir s\u00edna h\u00f6nd \u00fe\u00e1 sem eiga a\u00f0 manna s\u00e6ti listans. En atkv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 er samt gott og gilt og kemur flokknum a\u00f0 fullu gagni \u00ed samkeppni vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ra flokka.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a>Hvernig er \u00feetta \u00ed n\u00faverandi fyrirkomulagi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00deeir sem merkja vi\u00f0 lista eru a\u00f0 merkja vi\u00f0 fyrirfram\u00e1kve\u00f0na forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0un sem a\u00f0rir hafa \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0, hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 voru \u00fe\u00e1tttakendur \u00ed pr\u00f3fkj\u00f6rum e\u00f0a einhverjar a\u00f0rar stofnanir flokkanna. Munurinn er s\u00e1 a\u00f0 samkv\u00e6mt till\u00f6gu stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s hefur kj\u00f3sandinn \u00feetta val vi\u00f0 kj\u00f6rbor\u00f0i\u00f0 kj\u00f3si hann svo. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki \u00f3l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegt a\u00f0 s\u00e1 sem merkir einungis vi\u00f0 listab\u00f3kaf f\u00e1i engu r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 um val \u00e1 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Nei, vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 honum stendur til bo\u00f0a a\u00f0 gera svo. Ef kj\u00f3sandanum stendur \u00e1 sama e\u00f0a treystir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 flokkurinn hans bj\u00f3\u00f0i a\u00f0eins upp \u00e1 g\u00f3\u00f0a menn \u00fe\u00e1 n\u00e6gir honum a\u00f0 merkja vi\u00f0 listab\u00f3kstaf. Ella gefst honum kostur \u00e1 a\u00f0 velja s\u00e9r menn.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

En enginn kj\u00f3sandi m\u00e1 fara villur vegar. \u00dea\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 reka r\u00edkan \u00e1r\u00f3\u00f0ur fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem merkja vi\u00f0 listana eina s\u00e9u a\u00f0 afsala s\u00e9r valdi til a\u00f0 ra\u00f0a. Ef \u00feeir eru s\u00e1ttir vi\u00f0 r\u00f6\u00f0ina \u00e1 listanum eiga \u00feeir a\u00f0 merkja vi\u00f0 nokkra efstu menn en ekki vi\u00f0 listab\u00f3kstafinn.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00de\u00e1 er l\u00edka \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00edta a\u00f0 sumir flokkar munu ekki vilja taka fram fyrir hendurnar \u00e1 kj\u00f3sendum og bj\u00f3\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed fram \u00ed stafr\u00f3fsr\u00f6\u00f0 (hugsanlega \u00e1 fl\u00e9ttuformi). Til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 unnt m\u00e1 r\u00f6\u00f0unin, stafr\u00f3fsr\u00f6\u00f0unin, ekki hafa neitt v\u00e6gi vi\u00f0 \u00fathlutun s\u00e6ta.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00deess m\u00e1 geta a\u00f0 F\u00e6reyingar t\u00f3ku n\u00fdveri\u00f0 upp n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega sama fyrirkomulag og stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 leggur n\u00fa til: A\u00f0eins \u00feeir sem velja s\u00e9r pers\u00f3nulega frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur hafa \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 hverjir komast \u00e1 \u00feing.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Af hverju er ekki farin bl\u00f6ndu\u00f0 lei\u00f0 \u00fear sem merking vi\u00f0 lista hefur visst v\u00e6gi vi\u00f0 \u00fathlutun s\u00e6tanna?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er m.a. vegna sl\u00e6mrar reynslu. Sl\u00edk \u201ebl\u00f6ndu\u00f0 lei\u00f0\u201c hefur veri\u00f0 farin \u00e1 \u00cdslandi \u00ed hundra\u00f0 \u00e1r en veri\u00f0 l\u00edtt anna\u00f0 en s\u00fdndarmennska.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Vissulega var \u00edhuga\u00f0 \u00ed stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0i hvort \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 um pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r m\u00e6tti vera almennara og opnara. Sl\u00edk lei\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tti ekki f\u00e6r \u00fear sem ekki v\u00e6ri h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r af \u00fev\u00ed tagi yr\u00f0i ekki gert m\u00e1ttvana \u00ed h\u00f6ndum l\u00f6ggjafans.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Var huga\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 leyfa flokkunum a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed hvort listar \u00feeirra v\u00e6ru ra\u00f0a\u00f0ir, og \u00f3breytanlegir, e\u00f0a \u00f3ra\u00f0a\u00f0ir og opnir til pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rs?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Vissulega var um \u00fea\u00f0 r\u00e6tt. Sl\u00edkt fyrirkomulag hefur veri\u00f0 um aldarfj\u00f3r\u00f0ungsskei\u00f0 \u00ed Danm\u00f6rku \u00ed \u00f6llum meginatri\u00f0um. Fyrst voru flokkarnir tregir til a\u00f0 hverfa fr\u00e1 r\u00f6\u00f0u\u00f0um listum en n\u00fa bj\u00f3\u00f0a flestir fram \u00f3ra\u00f0a\u00f0a lista.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i mega ekki vera of fl\u00f3kin. M.a. af \u00feeim \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um mun \u00feessi \u00fatf\u00e6rsla vart hafa komi\u00f0 til \u00e1lita \u00ed r\u00e1\u00f0inu. En h\u00fan v\u00e6ri engin go\u00f0g\u00e1.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Aftur m\u00e1 spyrja hvort \u00feetta pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r gangi ekki af flokkunum dau\u00f0um, og brj\u00f3ti ni\u00f0ur flokksaga, geri \u00feingmenn a\u00f0 \u201evillik\u00f6ttum\u201c.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Aftur m\u00e1 svara a\u00f0 s\u00fa er ekki reynslan \u00fear sem pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r er og hefur veri\u00f0 \u00f6flugt. Flokkarnir eru sprelllifandi \u00fear sem er v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6kt pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r, svo sem \u00e1 \u00cdrlandi, eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur hefur veri\u00f0 nefnt. Flokksagi er sag\u00f0ur hvergi meiri en \u00fear \u00ed landi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Enn og aftur skal bent \u00e1 a\u00f0 flokkarnir geta og munu setja \u00feeim reglur sem f\u00e1 a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a sig fram \u00ed \u00feeirra nafni. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Sagt er a\u00f0 kosningabar\u00e1tta muni sn\u00faast um pers\u00f3nur en ekki stefnur ef teki\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur upp pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r. En \u00feingmenn eru bundnir vi\u00f0 sannf\u00e6ringu s\u00edna en ekki stefnumi\u00f0 \u00far kosningabar\u00e1ttunni. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed br\u00fdnt fyrir kj\u00f3sendur a\u00f0 geta vali\u00f0 s\u00e9r fulltr\u00faa me\u00f0 heilbrig\u00f0a skynsemi \u2013 og samviskusama sannf\u00e6ringu! Stefnan vill hvort sem er oft fara forg\u00f6r\u00f0um.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Sagt er a\u00f0 \u00feingmenn \u00feurfi a\u00f0 vera innbyr\u00f0is samstiga, hver \u00ed s\u00ednum flokki, ella ver\u00f0i glundro\u00f0i. \u00deetta \u00fearf ekki a\u00f0 vera l\u00f6gm\u00e1l enda spurning um vinnubr\u00f6g\u00f0 og umr\u00e6\u00f0umenningu. Benda m\u00e1 \u00e1 a\u00f0 fulltr\u00faum \u00ed stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0i t\u00f3kst pr\u00fd\u00f0ilega a\u00f0 n\u00e1 saman og voru \u00feeir \u00fe\u00f3 valdir sem einstaklingar en ekki sem fulltr\u00faar neinna h\u00f3pa.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Af hverju m\u00e1 kj\u00f3sandi ekki merkja vi\u00f0 tvo lista, a.m.k. vi\u00f0 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis- og landslista sama flokks<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 leggur til umfangsmiklar breytingar sem allar auka valfrelsi frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda og kj\u00f3senda, en ekki \u00feessa. Einhvers sta\u00f0ar ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta sta\u00f0ar numi\u00f0.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a upp \u00e1 hreina og beina merkingu vi\u00f0 einn lista er stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 a\u00f0 gefa kj\u00f3sendum kost \u00e1 a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa me\u00f0 \u201egamla laginu\u201c, merkja vi\u00f0 sinn flokk eins og veri\u00f0 hefur og l\u00e1ta \u00fear vi\u00f0 sitja.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>5. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>3. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Heimilt er \u00ed l\u00f6gum a\u00f0 einskor\u00f0a vali\u00f0 vi\u00f0 lista s\u00f6mu samtaka.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Hva\u00f0 merkir \u00feetta og hvers vegna er \u00feetta sett inn?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00deessi m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur v\u00edsar til \u00feess fyrsta \u00ed \u00feessari m\u00e1lsgrein, til \u00feess \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0is a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sandi geti vali\u00f0 s\u00e9r eftirl\u00e6tisframbj\u00f3\u00f0endur af \u00f6llum kj\u00f6rse\u00f0linum, \u00fear \u00e1 me\u00f0al \u00fevert \u00e1 flokka: Einn af X-lista \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6minu, tvo af Y-landslista o.s.frv.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

M\u00f6rgum \u00ed stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0i \u00fe\u00f3tti \u00feetta \u00e1kj\u00f3sanlegast og fela \u00ed s\u00e9r hi\u00f0 eina raunverulega pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r. En svo komu upp sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 \u00feess efnis a\u00f0 fyrst yr\u00f0i a\u00f0 koma reynsla \u00e1 takmarka\u00f0ra pers\u00f3nuval, \u00fe.e.a.s. val sem v\u00e6ri einskor\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur sama flokks (samtaka). Kj\u00f3sandinn m\u00e6tti \u00feannig velja einn af X-listanum \u00ed s\u00ednu kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi og svo tvo af landslista, en \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0eins af landslista X-flokksins. \u00dev\u00ed yr\u00f0i a\u00f0 leyfa Al\u00feingi a\u00f0 taka \u00feetta \u00ed skrefum og heimila a\u00f0 vali\u00f0 v\u00e6ri \u2013 a.m.k. \u00ed fyrstu \u2013 \u00ferengt a\u00f0 \u00feessu leyti.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

En \u00fe\u00e1 er aftur \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00edta a\u00f0 breyting \u00e1 sl\u00edku lykilatri\u00f0i kosningalaga er h\u00e1\u00f0 sam\u00feykki 2\/3 atkv\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1 Al\u00feingi. H\u00e6tt er vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 takm\u00f6rkun pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rs vi\u00f0 einn flokk dagi uppi ver\u00f0i h\u00fan sett \u00ed kosningal\u00f6gin \u00ed upphafi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Ef kj\u00f3sandi f\u00e6r a\u00f0 velja frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur \u00fevert \u00e1 flokka er hann um lei\u00f0 a\u00f0 skipta atkv\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00ednu milli flokka sem er st\u00f3rh\u00e6ttulegt l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0inu, ekki satt?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Spurningin sn\u00fdst um \u00feetta: Ef leyft er a\u00f0 velja frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur \u00fevert \u00e1 lista ver\u00f0ur aflei\u00f0ingin e\u00f0lilega s\u00fa a\u00f0 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i kj\u00f3senda skiptist \u00e1 milli flokka vi\u00f0komandi frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda \u00ed sama m\u00e6li. T\u00f6kum fyrrgreint d\u00e6mi \u00fear sem kj\u00f3sandi velur einn frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda af X-lista \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6minu og tvo af Y-landslista (og \u00fea\u00f0 me\u00f0 jafngildum krossum). \u00de\u00e1 er hann a\u00f0 skipta atkv\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00ednu \u00feannig \u00e1 milli flokka a\u00f0 X-flokkurinn f\u00e6r 1\/3 atkv\u00e6\u00f0isins en Y-flokkurinn 2\/3 sem hefur s\u00ed\u00f0an (sj\u00e1 6. mgr.) \u00e1hrif \u00feegar kemur a\u00f0 skiptingu \u00feings\u00e6ta milli flokka.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Ef atkv\u00e6\u00f0inu v\u00e6ri ekki skipt hef\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0 \u00f3l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegar aflei\u00f0ingar. \u00cd d\u00e6minu h\u00e9r \u00e1 undan er Y-flokkurinn l\u00edklega s\u00e1 flokkur sem kj\u00f3sandinn sty\u00f0ur fyrst og fremst. Ef s\u00e1 flokkur fengi atkv\u00e6\u00f0i hans \u00ed heilu lagi v\u00e6ri kj\u00f3sandinn a\u00f0 grauta \u00ed frambo\u00f0um X-listans \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 bera \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed neina p\u00f3lit\u00edska \u00e1byrg\u00f0. H\u00e6tt er vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum og kj\u00f3sendum \u00feess flokks \u00fe\u00e6tti \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00fart \u00ed broti.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00cd kosningum til \u00fe\u00fdska sambands\u00feingsins f\u00e6r kj\u00f3sandinn tv\u00f6 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i, anna\u00f0 til a\u00f0 velja s\u00e9r \u00feingmann \u00ed s\u00ednu einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi og hitt til a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa landslista einhvers flokks. \u00dea\u00f0 eru landslistaatkv\u00e6\u00f0in ein sem r\u00e1\u00f0a skiptingu \u00feings\u00e6ta milli flokkanna. \u00deeir sem n\u00e1 kj\u00f6ri \u00ed einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6munum f\u00e1 forgang a\u00f0 landslistas\u00e6tum s\u00edns flokks. St\u00f3ru \u00fe\u00fdsku flokkarnir, kristilegir og s\u00f3s\u00edaldem\u00f3kratar, n\u00e1 \u00f6llum einmenningss\u00e6tunum, en hinir flokkarnir (t.d. Frj\u00e1lslyndir, Gr\u00e6nir e\u00f0a Vinstri) engin. Hva\u00f0 gera \u00fe\u00e1 kj\u00f3sendur sm\u00e1flokkanna? \u00deeir kj\u00f3sa sinn flokk \u00e1 landsv\u00edsu en velja \u00e1 milli \u201esvarta\u201c og \u201erau\u00f0a\u201c frambj\u00f3\u00f0andans \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6minu. \u00dear me\u00f0 geta \u00feeir haft \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 hva\u00f0a menn komast \u00e1 \u00feing fyrir flokk hins kj\u00f6rd\u00e6makj\u00f6rna og \u00fea\u00f0 er nokku\u00f0 sem sau\u00f0tryggir kj\u00f3sendur \u00feessara meginflokka \u2013 \u00fe.e.a.s. \u00feeir sem kj\u00f3sa \u00fe\u00e1 b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis- og landsv\u00edsu \u2013 f\u00e1 engu um r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0. Er \u00feetta ekki kyndugt l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i? Stj\u00f3rnlagad\u00f3mst\u00f3ll \u00de\u00fdskalands er raunar efins um \u00fea\u00f0. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Hr\u00e6\u00f0slu\u00e1r\u00f3\u00f0ur af \u00fev\u00ed tagi sem felst \u00ed hinni tilb\u00fanu spurningu heyr\u00f0ist fr\u00e1 \u00feeim sem t\u00f6ldu sig vita betur og var\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 m.a. til \u00feess a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 dr\u00f3 \u00ed land og setti \u00feennan fyrirvara inn \u00ed 5. mgr. me\u00f0 3. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0num.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Fullyrt hefur veri\u00f0: \u201ePers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r \u00fear sem h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa fulltr\u00faa af fleiri en einum lista er s\u00e9rkennileg tillaga (h\u00e9r kalla\u00f0 skipt atkv\u00e6\u00f0i) og sennilega einsd\u00e6mi \u00ed heiminum.\u201c \u00deetta er einfaldlega rangt. N\u00e6r alls sta\u00f0ar \u00fear sem leyft er a\u00f0 velja frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur af fleiri en einum lista skiptist atkv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 eins og h\u00e9r hefur veri\u00f0 l\u00fdst. \u00deetta er t.d. tilfelli\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeim fylkjum \u00de\u00fdskalands \u00fear sem merking vi\u00f0 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur \u00fevert \u00e1 flokka er leyf\u00f0. Sums sta\u00f0ar \u00fear um sl\u00f3\u00f0ir er raunar gengi\u00f0 enn lengra og leyft a\u00f0 merkja me\u00f0 beinum h\u00e6tti vi\u00f0 fleiri en einn flokkslista og skipta fimm krossum milli flokka a\u00f0 vild. \u00cd sveitarstj\u00f3rnarkosningum \u00ed Noregi er leyft a\u00f0 velja frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur af mismunandi listum (allt a\u00f0 \u00feremur) og aflei\u00f0ingin, s\u00fa a\u00f0 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 skiptist \u00e1 milli vi\u00f0komandi flokka, er talin svo auglj\u00f3s a\u00f0 hennar er ekki einu sinni geti\u00f0 \u00ed kosningal\u00f6gum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Ennfremur hefur veri\u00f0 fullyrt: \u201eFylgissveiflur milli flokka kunna a\u00f0 minnka. \u00de\u00e1 ver\u00f0ur erfi\u00f0ara a\u00f0 mynda r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rn.\u201c \u00deessi alh\u00e6fing, jafnvel virtra fr\u00e6\u00f0imanna, er eins og svo margar a\u00f0rar a\u00f0rar fullyr\u00f0ingar \u00e1n nokkurs bitast\u00e6\u00f0s r\u00f6kstu\u00f0nings. Fullyr\u00f0ingin sem vitna\u00f0 er til er \u00feess e\u00f0lis. Erfitt er a\u00f0 sta\u00f0h\u00e6fa a\u00f0 h\u00fan s\u00e9 r\u00f6ng. \u00deetta hefur kanna\u00f0 me\u00f0 einf\u00f6ldum reiknil\u00edk\u00f6num sem gefa ekki \u00feessa sv\u00f6run. V\u00e6ri fullyr\u00f0ingin r\u00e9tt hef\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0 veri\u00f0 h\u00e6ttulegt p\u00f3lit\u00edskum st\u00f6\u00f0ugleika a\u00f0 leyfa uppskiptingu \u00e1 atkv\u00e6\u00f0um heimilanna fyrir n\u00e6r hundra\u00f0 \u00e1rum \u00feegar konur fengu atkv\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00e9tt og vinnuhj\u00fa jafnvel l\u00edka. H\u00fasb\u00f3ndinn f\u00f3r ekki lengur einn me\u00f0 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i heimilisins. Sta\u00f0h\u00e6fingunni ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 v\u00edsa fr\u00e1 sem fullyr\u00f0ingu \u00fat \u00ed bl\u00e1inn. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Jafnframt m\u00e1 spyrja hvort minni fylgissveiflur s\u00e9u endilega af hinu sl\u00e6ma.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 tala um raunverulegt pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r ef ekki er leyft a\u00f0 velja \u00fevert \u00e1 lista?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Um \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00e1 deila. Sl\u00edkt pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r var \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarfrumv\u00f6rpum sem l\u00e1gu fyrir Al\u00feingi \u00e1ri\u00f0 2009 \u2013 a\u00f0eins \u00fe\u00f3 innan sama flokks \u2013 en daga\u00f0i uppi vegna m\u00e1l\u00fe\u00f3fs sumra stj\u00f3rnarandst\u00e6\u00f0inga. M\u00e1lefnaleg umr\u00e6\u00f0a var l\u00edtil, sem fyrri daginn.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Erlendis er allur gangur \u00e1 \u00feessu. \u00dear sem kj\u00f3sendur mega a\u00f0eins merkja vi\u00f0 einn frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda, eins og \u00ed Finnlandi, F\u00e6reyjum, Hollandi e\u00f0a Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0, er \u00ed raun ekki unnt a\u00f0 velja \u00fevert \u00e1 flokka. Annars sta\u00f0ar eru engar h\u00f6mlur \u00e1 \u00feessu, svo sem \u00e1 \u00cdrlandi e\u00f0a \u00ed sumum fylkis\u00feingskosningum \u00ed \u00de\u00fdskalandi. Og \u00ed kosningum til sambands\u00feingsins \u00ed Berl\u00edn f\u00e6r kj\u00f3sandinn b\u00e6\u00f0i a\u00f0 merkja vi\u00f0 einn frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda og svo heilan landslista sem ekki \u00fearf a\u00f0 tilheyra sama flokki. En \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed eru raunar miklir annmarkar, eins og fyrr segir.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>6. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00deings\u00e6tum skal \u00fathluta til stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasamtaka \u00ed sem fyllstu samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i greidd listum og frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum samtakanna.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Fer \u00fe\u00e1 ekki m\u00e6lingin \u00e1 flokksfylginu einhvern veginn \u00ed s\u00faginn ef kj\u00f3sendum er leyft a\u00f0 grauta \u00ed frambo\u00f0slistum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Einmitt ekki. Hverjum flokki (stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasamt\u00f6kum) skal kirfilega reikna allt sitt fylgi \u00e1 landsv\u00edsu, hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 birtist \u00ed beinni merkingu vi\u00f0 flokkslista e\u00f0a val \u00e1 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum innan flokksins. Allt skilar \u00feetta s\u00e9r \u00feegar s\u00e6tum er \u00fatdeilt til flokka og frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda \u00feeirra.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00c1kv\u00e6\u00f0i 6. mgr. hefur raunar veri\u00f0 \u00f3breytt \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 allt fr\u00e1 1984 og efnislega mun lengur, e\u00f0a allt fr\u00e1 1934.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Gleymdi stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 a\u00f0 hafa j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6ti til a\u00f0 tryggja j\u00f6fnu\u00f0 \u00e1 milli flokka?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Nei, \u00fea\u00f0 er einmitt hi\u00f0 gl\u00e6silega vi\u00f0 \u00feetta kerfi a\u00f0 \u00feeirra er ekki lengur \u00fe\u00f6rf. \u00dea\u00f0 n\u00e6st fullur j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur. \u00dea\u00f0 er l\u00edtil eftirsj\u00e1 a\u00f0 j\u00f6fnunarmannakerfinu s\u00edfl\u00f3kna!<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Er b\u00fai\u00f0 a\u00f0 fella ni\u00f0ur 5% \u00fer\u00f6skuldinn?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

J\u00e1. Rifjum m\u00e1li\u00f0 upp. Fr\u00e1 1999 hefur \u00fea\u00f0 veri\u00f0 skilyr\u00f0i, og um lei\u00f0 r\u00e9ttur, flokka til a\u00f0 f\u00e1 a\u00f0ild a\u00f0 \u00fatdeilingu j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6ta a\u00f0 hafa hloti\u00f0 a.m.k. 5% fylgi \u00e1 landsv\u00edsu. \u00c1\u00f0ur var \u00feetta me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ru m\u00f3ti. \u00de\u00e1 var \u00feess krafist a\u00f0 flokkur \u00feyrfti a\u00f0 hafa fengi\u00f0 a.m.k. eitt kj\u00f6rd\u00e6miss\u00e6ti til a\u00f0 eiga a\u00f0 kost \u00e1 j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6tum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Eftir vangaveltur \u00ed stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0i var\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 ofan \u00e1 a\u00f0 falla fr\u00e1 \u00fer\u00f6skuldinum. \u00dea\u00f0 merkir a\u00f0 flokkur getur veri\u00f0 viss um a\u00f0 n\u00e1 manni \u00e1 \u00feing \u00fat \u00e1 r\u00e9tt r\u00edflega 1\u00bd% gildra atkv\u00e6\u00f0a. R\u00f6kin fyrir brottfalli \u00fer\u00f6skuldsins voru l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegs e\u00f0lis. Vissulega eru r\u00f6k \u00e1 m\u00f3ti, eins og h\u00e6ttan \u00e1 flokkakra\u00f0aki.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Erlendis er allur gangur \u00e1 a\u00f0gangstakm\u00f6rkunum af \u00feessu tagi. Sums sta\u00f0ar eru engar takmarkanir eins og \u00ed Hollandi (\u00fear sem kosi\u00f0 var 12. september sl.) og annars sta\u00f0ar er \u00fer\u00f6skuldur, 5% \u00ed \u00de\u00fdskalandi og v\u00ed\u00f0ar, 4% \u00ed Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 en 2% \u00ed Danm\u00f6rku.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>7. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00dathluta skal \u00feings\u00e6tum til frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda \u00fat fr\u00e1 atkv\u00e6\u00f0astyrk \u00feeirra.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Hvurn fj\u00e1rann merkir \u00feetta?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Eins og fyrr segir eru hverjum frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda reiknu\u00f0 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i, \u00fdmist \u00feau atkv\u00e6\u00f0i sem hann f\u00e6r \u00ed gegnum pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri\u00f0 e\u00f0a honum er reikna\u00f0ur sinn hlutur \u00ed \u00feeim atkv\u00e6\u00f0um sem listi hans f\u00e6r \u00f3skipt. Og h\u00e9r gildir einu hvort atkv\u00e6\u00f0in og atkv\u00e6\u00f0abrotin f\u00e9llu \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi e\u00f0a \u00e1 landsv\u00edsu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Hugsunin er \u00ed grundvallaratri\u00f0um s\u00fa a\u00f0 gengi\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00e1 runu allra frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda \u00e1 landinu og s\u00e6ti gefin \u00e1 j\u00f6tuna \u00ed \u00feeirri r\u00f6\u00f0 sem svarar til \u00feessa samanlag\u00f0a fylgis. \u00de\u00e1 kemur a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 b\u00fai\u00f0 er a\u00f0 \u00fathluta \u00f6llum s\u00e6tum einhvers flokks (sbr. 6. mgr.) og eru \u00fe\u00e1 frekari frambj\u00f3\u00f0andur \u00feess flokks vitaskuld \u00far leik.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Fyrirvarar var\u00f0andi \u00feetta ferli eru annars vegar \u00ed 8. mgr. og hugsanlega \u00feeirri 9.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Hefur \u00fe\u00e1 Al\u00feingi ekkert svigr\u00fam \u00ed kosningal\u00f6gum var\u00f0andi \u00fatf\u00e6rsluna \u00e1 pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rinu?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

J\u00fa, \u00fea\u00f0 hefur v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6kt svigr\u00fam um \u00fatf\u00e6rsluna, eins og \u00feegar hefur komi\u00f0 fram.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00cd fyrsta lagi \u00fearf a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0a hvort kj\u00f3sendur eigi a\u00f0 merkja vi\u00f0 menn me\u00f0 krossum e\u00f0a hvort eigi a\u00f0 gefa \u00feeim kost \u00e1 a\u00f0 ra\u00f0a frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum. S\u00e9 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ara leyft \u00fearf Al\u00feingi ennfremur a\u00f0 fjalla um uppgj\u00f6ri\u00f0 \u00e1 forganginum. \u00c1 hver r\u00f6\u00f0unartala a\u00f0 vera \u00e1v\u00edsun \u00e1 tiltekin stig eins og er \u00ed \u00feeim v\u00edsi a\u00f0 pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri sem er \u00ed gildandi kosningal\u00f6gum? \u00deessu svipar til stigagjafar \u00ed Evr\u00f3v\u00edsj\u00f3n-s\u00f6ngvakeppninni alr\u00e6mdu. E\u00f0a \u00e1 a\u00f0 nota a\u00f0fer\u00f0 \u201ef\u00e6ranlegs atkv\u00e6\u00f0is\u201c (STV) eins og var gert \u00ed stj\u00f3rnlaga\u00feingskosningunni?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00de\u00e1 \u00fearf hugsanlega a\u00f0 setja \u00fev\u00ed m\u00f6rk hva\u00f0 megi merkja vi\u00f0 marga. L\u00e1gmarki\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist vera tveir (fyrir a.m.k. einn af kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis- og landslista ). Best v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 hafa \u00fea\u00f0 \u00f3bundi\u00f0, leyfa kj\u00f3sandanum a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Ver\u00f0ur \u00feetta ekki hr\u00e6\u00f0ilega fl\u00f3ki\u00f0? Eitthva\u00f0 sem t\u00f6lvur geta misfari\u00f0 me\u00f0?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Ef hver kj\u00f3sandi f\u00e6r a\u00f0eins tvo krossa \u00e6tti a\u00f0 mega handtelja. Ella er skynsamlegt a\u00f0 sl\u00e1 \u00farslitin inn \u00ed t\u00f6lvur og l\u00e1ta \u00fe\u00e6r telja, vitaskuld undir miklu og \u00f6flugu g\u00e6\u00f0a- og \u00f6ryggiseftirliti. Svo var gert \u00ed stj\u00f3rnlaga\u00feingskosningunni, en H\u00e6stir\u00e9ttur fetti ekki fingur \u00fat \u00ed notkun t\u00f6lva \u00ed \u00farskur\u00f0i s\u00ednum um \u00f3gildingu kosningarinnar.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

N\u00e6r \u00f6ll \u00fatf\u00e6rsla \u00e1 pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri, hvar sem er \u00ed heiminum, er fl\u00f3kin. \u00deetta m\u00e1 l\u00edka segja um n\u00faverandi v\u00edsi a\u00f0 pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri \u00e1 \u00cdslandi. Hva\u00f0 skyldu margir hafa kynnt s\u00e9r og skili\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 reglu sem n\u00fa er notu\u00f0 og hefur veri\u00f0 notu\u00f0 \u00ed meginatri\u00f0um \u00ed heila \u00f6ld? Breytt atkv\u00e6\u00f0i hafa veri\u00f0 t\u00f6lvutalin h\u00e9rlendis um \u00e1ra- e\u00f0a \u00e1ratugaskei\u00f0 \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hafi valdi\u00f0 vandr\u00e6\u00f0um e\u00f0a h\u00e1v\u00e6rri gagnr\u00fdni.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>8. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Binda m\u00e1 allt a\u00f0 \u00ferj\u00e1t\u00edu \u00feings\u00e6ti vi\u00f0 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi. \u00de\u00f3 skulu kj\u00f3sendur a\u00f0 baki hverju bundnu s\u00e6ti ekki vera f\u00e6rri en er a\u00f0 me\u00f0altali a\u00f0 baki hverju \u00feings\u00e6ti \u00e1 landinu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Gu\u00f0 s\u00e9 oss n\u00e6stur. Hva\u00f0 merkir \u00feessi mo\u00f0su\u00f0a?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Von er a\u00f0 spurt s\u00e9. Vitaskuld myndi \u00fea\u00f0 einfalda alla \u00fatf\u00e6rslu \u00ed kosningal\u00f6gum ef \u00feessi klausa v\u00e6ri ekki \u00ed till\u00f6gunni. En stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 \u2013 og \u00f6rugglega flestir \u00feingmenn l\u00edka \u2013 taldi hana nau\u00f0synlega eins og fram kemur h\u00e9r s\u00ed\u00f0ar. En fyrst um markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0inu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Eins og \u00feegar hefur komi\u00f0 fram er tala s\u00e6ta \u00ed hverju kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi ekki fastsett \u00ed r\u00e1\u00f0ger\u00f0um stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Hve m\u00f6rg s\u00e6ti hvert kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi hl\u00fdtur fer allt eftir vins\u00e6ldum frambj\u00f3\u00f0endanna \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6minu (og um lei\u00f0 lista \u00feeirra) ef \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i 7. mgr. ein gilda. \u00de\u00e1 g\u00e6ti \u00fea\u00f0 gerst a\u00f0 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi k\u00e6mi illa \u00fat, fengi f\u00e1a \u00feingmenn beint af s\u00ednum listum. En \u00fea\u00f0 gerist \u00fe\u00e1 vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sendum kj\u00f6rd\u00e6misins finnast frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur \u00fear ekki n\u00f3gu spennandi, r\u00f3a heldur \u00e1 \u00f6nnur mi\u00f0 og velja menn af landslistunum hvort sem \u00feeir eru l\u00edka \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mislistum e\u00f0a ekki. \u00dear me\u00f0 \u00e6tti \u00ed sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r \u00f6llu r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ti a\u00f0 vera fulln\u00e6gt. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

En vera m\u00e1 a\u00f0 Al\u00feingi \u00feyki \u00fea\u00f0 undir h\u00e6linn lagt hva\u00f0 kj\u00f3sendur raunverulega vilja \u00ed \u00feessum efnum. \u00dev\u00ed veitir 8. m\u00e1lsgreinin Al\u00feingi heimild til a\u00f0 setja undir \u201elekann\u201c, ef svo m\u00e1 a\u00f0 or\u00f0i komast. \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fe\u00e1 meginreglu a\u00f0 s\u00e6tin fari til atkv\u00e6\u00f0amestu frambj\u00f3\u00f0endanna hvar \u00e1 landinu sem \u00feeir eru m\u00e1 setja \u00ed l\u00f6g l\u00e1gmarksskilyr\u00f0i, skilyr\u00f0i \u00feess efnis a\u00f0 tryggja ver\u00f0i vissan l\u00e1gmarksfj\u00f6lda s\u00e6ta handa frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum \u00far hverju kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

En \u00fea\u00f0 eru sett tv\u00f6 skilyr\u00f0i um hvernig r\u00e1\u00f0stafa megi \u00feessari \u201ekj\u00f6rd\u00e6mav\u00f6rn\u201c eins og \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 var kalla\u00f0 \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0um \u00ed stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0i, annars vegar \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 ekki megi binda fleiri en 30 af s\u00e6tunum 63 \u00ed \u00feessu skyni og hins vegar a\u00f0 aldrei megi hla\u00f0a svo m\u00f6rgum \u00e1 eitt kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 raski \u00feeirri meginreglu 2. mgr. a\u00f0 atkv\u00e6\u00f0av\u00e6gi skuli vera jafnt.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

D\u00e6mi: Segjum a\u00f0 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6min s\u00e9u sex a\u00f0 t\u00f6lu eins og n\u00fa er. \u00de\u00e1 m\u00e6tti t.d. setja \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um l\u00e1gmarki\u00f0 fimm s\u00e6ti \u00e1 hvert kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 kj\u00f3sendat\u00f6lur um \u00feessar mundir. F\u00e1mennasta kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi\u00f0, Nor\u00f0vesturkj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi, \u00e1 fyrir sex s\u00e6tum eins og stendur \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 stefni j\u00f6fnu v\u00e6gi atkv\u00e6\u00f0a \u00ed tv\u00eds\u00fdnu. En sl\u00edkt \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i kosningalaga yr\u00f0i a\u00f0 vera \u00feannig a\u00f0 l\u00e1gmarki\u00f0 lei\u00f0r\u00e9ttist sj\u00e1lfkrafa ef kj\u00f3sendatala raska\u00f0ist hlutfallslega \u00e1 milli kj\u00f6rd\u00e6ma.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Ver\u00f0a ekki kosningal\u00f6g \u00f3heyrilega fl\u00f3kin me\u00f0 \u00feessu \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

J\u00fa og nei. Ef farin er einf\u00f6ld lei\u00f0, eins og s\u00fa a\u00f0 leyfa a\u00f0eins merkingar me\u00f0 krossum, eykst fl\u00e6kjustigi\u00f0 l\u00edti\u00f0. A\u00f0fer\u00f0 f\u00e6ranlegs atkv\u00e6\u00f0is (STV) yr\u00f0i hins vegar svol\u00edti\u00f0 sn\u00fain a\u00f0 gefnu \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0inu um kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mav\u00f6rn.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a>Er h\u00e6tta \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 landsbygg\u00f0in ver\u00f0i hlunnfarin vi\u00f0 \u00fathlutun \u00feings\u00e6ta?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Fyrst m\u00e1 svara me\u00f0 nokkrum hroka a\u00f0 spurningin s\u00e9 \u00fat \u00ed h\u00f6tt. \u00dea\u00f0 er veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 fl\u00e9tta saman kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis- og landskj\u00f6ri. \u00dev\u00ed er ekki h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 tala um a\u00f0 einhverjir landshlutar e\u00f0a kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi eigi \u201er\u00e9tt\u201c \u00e1 tilteknum \u00feings\u00e6tum. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Segjum a\u00f0 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur sem a\u00f0eins bj\u00f3\u00f0a sig fram \u00e1 landslistum, ekki \u00ed einst\u00f6kum kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mum, nj\u00f3ti mikils fylgis. Ekki er \u00f3l\u00edklegt a\u00f0 n\u00fd stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1la\u00f6fl kynnu a\u00f0 vilja hasla s\u00e9r v\u00f6ll \u00e1 landsv\u00edsu en ekki me\u00f0 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6maframbo\u00f0um. Talsma\u00f0ur \u00cdslandshreyfingarinnar hefur t.d. sagt a\u00f0 landslistafyrirkomulagi\u00f0 hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 tilvali\u00f0 fyrir sl\u00edka hreyfingu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00deannig g\u00e6tu m\u00f6rg s\u00e6ti fari\u00f0 til landslista og eru \u00fe\u00e1 f\u00e6rri til skiptanna milli kj\u00f6rd\u00e6manna, hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 eru h\u00f6fu\u00f0borgar- e\u00f0a landsbygg\u00f0arkj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi. Er \u00fe\u00e1 veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 hlunnfara kj\u00f6rd\u00e6min? \u00dea\u00f0 kann a\u00f0 vera sagt a\u00f0 landslista\u00feingmennirnir b\u00fai flestir \u00ed 101 Reykjav\u00edk, s\u00e9u bara hafsmunag\u00e6slumenn \u00feess umhverfis. B\u00faa ekki flestir \u00feingmenn n\u00fa \u00ed h\u00f6fu\u00f0borginni, a.m.k. \u00ed reynd?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur \u00e1 landslistum sem ekki l\u00edta \u00e1 sig sem fulltr\u00faa allra kj\u00f3senda heldur eru a\u00f0 g\u00e6ta hagmuna einnar bygg\u00f0ar umfram a\u00f0rar hafa misskili\u00f0 hlutverk sitt munu ekki kemba h\u00e6rurnar \u00e1 Al\u00feingi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Heyrst hafa sta\u00f0h\u00e6fingar eins og a\u00f0 landsbygg\u00f0inni kunni a\u00f0 falla a\u00f0eins 17-18 \u00feingmenn \u00ed skaut \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 f\u00e1 23 eins og h\u00fan \u00e6tti r\u00e9tt \u00e1 mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 jafnt v\u00e6gi atkv\u00e6\u00f0a, a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed er sagt er. \u00de\u00e1 er gengi\u00f0 \u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 landslistaframbj\u00f3\u00f0endur eigi engin s\u00e6ti skili\u00f0. Ef stu\u00f0ningur vi\u00f0 landslista yr\u00f0i sl\u00edkur a\u00f0 \u00feeir \u00e6ttu r\u00e9tt \u00e1 16 \u00feings\u00e6tum e\u00f0a svo eru einungis 47 til skipta \u00e1 milli kj\u00f6rd\u00e6manna. \u00de\u00e1 er ekkert \u00fat \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 setja a\u00f0 17-18 \u00feeirra k\u00e6mu af landsbygg\u00f0inni. \u00dea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri \u00ed fyllsta m\u00e1ta e\u00f0lilegt.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Enn og aftur eru \u00fea\u00f0 kj\u00f3sendur sem eiga a\u00f0 f\u00e1 a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed hvernig s\u00e6ti skiptast \u00e1 milli lista og hva\u00f0a frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur manna \u00feau.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Mun reyna \u00e1 \u00feetta \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Vonandi ekki. Eins og fyrr segir m\u00e1 allt eins vera a\u00f0 landsbygg\u00f0arkj\u00f6rd\u00e6min f\u00e1i \u201eyfirvigt\u201c me\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0um frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum sem draga a\u00f0 s\u00e9r fylgi fr\u00e1 su\u00f0vesturhorninu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt einungis v\u00e6ri jafnv\u00e6gi \u00e1 flutningi atkv\u00e6\u00f0a inn og \u00fat \u00far kj\u00f6rd\u00e6minu mundi ekki reyna \u00e1 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>V\u00e6ri \u00fe\u00f6rf \u00e1 \u00feessari \u201emo\u00f0su\u00f0u\u201c ef landi\u00f0 v\u00e6ri eitt kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Vitaskuld ekki!<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>9. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00cd kosningal\u00f6gum skal stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 sem j\u00f6fnustu hlutfalli kvenna og karla \u00e1 Al\u00feingi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Er \u00feetta framkv\u00e6manlegt?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00cd stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0i komu fram \u00fdmsar hugmyndir um \u00feetta:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00b7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>A\u00f0 heimila e\u00f0a jafnvel kve\u00f0a \u00e1 um a\u00f0 hafa skuli fl\u00e9ttulista, \u00fe.e.a.s. a\u00f0 birta n\u00f6fn karla og kvenna til skiptis \u00e1 kj\u00f6rse\u00f0linum, enda \u00fe\u00f3tt r\u00f6\u00f0in s\u00e9 a\u00f0eins kj\u00f3sendum til lei\u00f0beiningar \u00fear sem h\u00fan hefur engar aflei\u00f0ingar vi\u00f0 \u00fathlutun s\u00e6ta eins og fyrr segir. Segjum a\u00f0 listi hafi sj\u00f6 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur, \u00fear af fimm karla og tv\u00e6r konur. \u00de\u00e1 v\u00e6ri skylt a\u00f0 ra\u00f0a \u00feannig \u00e1 listann a\u00f0 \u00feessar tv\u00e6r konur v\u00e6ri \u00ed 1. og 3. s\u00e6ti e\u00f0a \u00ed 2. og 4. s\u00e6ti. S\u00ed\u00f0an k\u00e6mu \u00fer\u00edr e\u00f0a fj\u00f3rir karlar \u00ed halar\u00f3fu. Hreinir kvennalistar v\u00e6ru l\u00edka leyfilegir en v\u00e6ri \u00e1 \u00feeim einn karl yr\u00f0i hann a\u00f0 vera \u00ed 1. e\u00f0a 2. s\u00e6ti! <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u00b7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>A\u00f0 skylda frambo\u00f0 til a\u00f0 hafa sem jafnasta t\u00f6lu karla og kvenna \u00e1 listum s\u00ednum. \u00deessi hugmynd gengur lengra. Hvorki v\u00e6ru leyfilegir listar me\u00f0 fimm k\u00f6rlum og tveim konum n\u00e9 heldur hreinir kvennalistar.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u00b7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>A\u00f0 \u00fathluta s\u00e6tum me\u00f0 einhverjum \u00feeim h\u00e6tti a\u00f0 hlutf\u00f6ll kynjanna yr\u00f0u innan skikkanlegra marka hva\u00f0 sem li\u00f0i fylgi einstakra frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda. \u00deessi hugmynd gengur lengst \u00feessara \u00feriggja, v\u00e6ri mj\u00f6g \u00e1 skj\u00f6n vi\u00f0 \u00f6nnur \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um \u00fathlutun s\u00e6ta og ger\u00f0i hana alla vega fl\u00f3kna og ruglingslega. Ekki er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 m\u00e6la me\u00f0 henni.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

Stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0i \u00fe\u00f3tti r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 fela l\u00f6ggjafanum a\u00f0 leita lausna, ekki s\u00edst me\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed huga a\u00f0 vandam\u00e1li\u00f0 kynni a\u00f0 vera t\u00edmabundi\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 sem hentar n\u00fa v\u00e6ri e.t.v. \u00f3\u00fearft s\u00ed\u00f0ar e\u00f0a a\u00f0rar lei\u00f0ir \u00fe\u00e6ttu \u00fe\u00e1 heppilegri.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>T\u00ed\u00f0kast kva\u00f0ir um jafnt kynjahlutfall \u00ed nokkrum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00feingum?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Tv\u00f6 Evr\u00f3pur\u00edki eru me\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i sem stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 j\u00f6fnu\u00f0i kynjanna \u00e1 l\u00f6ggjafar\u00feingum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00cd Frakklandi er skyldan til a\u00f0 stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 sem j\u00f6fnustu kynjahlutfalli me\u00f0al frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1laflokka og styrkir til \u00feeirra l\u00e6kka\u00f0ir ef \u00feeir fylgja ekki \u00e1kve\u00f0num vi\u00f0mi\u00f0um \u00ed \u00feeim efnum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00cd Serb\u00edu er skylda a\u00f0 tryggja \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 hlutfall karla og kvenna me\u00f0al frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda \u00e1 listum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00cd nokkrum \u00f6\u00f0rum r\u00edkjum m\u00e1 finna svipu\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed almennum kosningal\u00f6gum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>10. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>1. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Breytingar \u00e1 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mam\u00f6rkum, tilh\u00f6gun \u00e1 \u00fathlutun \u00feings\u00e6ta og reglum um frambo\u00f0 ver\u00f0a a\u00f0eins ger\u00f0ar me\u00f0 sam\u00feykki 2\/3 hluta atkv\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1 Al\u00feingi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Hva\u00f0an er \u00feetta \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i komi\u00f0?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00deetta er teki\u00f0 upp \u00far lokam\u00e1lsgrein 31. gr. \u00ed gildandi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 en \u00feanga\u00f0 kom \u00fea\u00f0 1999 nema hva\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i um frambo\u00f0sreglur hefur b\u00e6st vi\u00f0 upptalninguna.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>Er \u00feetta ekki varhugavert?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

J\u00fa, \u00fea\u00f0 getur veri\u00f0 tv\u00edeggja\u00f0. R\u00e9tt eins og er \u00ed gildandi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 gera undan\u00fe\u00e1gu vi\u00f0 setningu fyrstu kosningalaga eftir stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytinguna. \u00cd frumvarpi stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s er sl\u00edkt a\u00f0 finna \u00ed \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i til br\u00e1\u00f0abirg\u00f0a. Ef \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri ekki kynni svo a\u00f0 fara a\u00f0 ekki t\u00e6kist a\u00f0 setja n\u00fd kosningal\u00f6g \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 breytta stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

En \u00fear me\u00f0 er fyrsta l\u00f6ggjafar\u00feinginu eftir stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytingu veitt miki\u00f0 vald. \u00deeim kosningal\u00f6gum sem \u00fea\u00f0 setur ver\u00f0ur ekki breytt nema me\u00f0 2\/3 atkv\u00e6\u00f0a, sem getur reynst mj\u00f6g erfitt a\u00f0 n\u00e1 fram.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 taldi engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 halda \u00feessu \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i sem hefur v\u00e6ntanlega veri\u00f0 sett a\u00f0 yfirl\u00f6g\u00f0u r\u00e1\u00f0i 1999.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>11. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>2. m\u00e1lsli\u00f0ur: Sl\u00edkar lagabreytingar \u00f6\u00f0last ekki gildi fyrr en sex m\u00e1nu\u00f0ir eru li\u00f0nir fr\u00e1 setningu \u00feeirra.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/a>Til hvers er \u00feessi varnagli?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Kosningal\u00f6gum hefur i\u00f0ulega veri\u00f0 breytt e\u00f0a reynt a\u00f0 breyta \u00feeim \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu stundu. \u00d3e\u00f0lilegt er a\u00f0 leikreglur kosninga liggi ekki sk\u00fdrt fyrir \u00ed t\u00e6ka t\u00ed\u00f0 \u00e1\u00f0ur en fari\u00f0 er a\u00f0 huga a\u00f0 frambo\u00f0um.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Me\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0inu er settur l\u00e1gmarksfrestur \u00ed \u00feessu skyni.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Spurningar um 43. grein<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00de\u00e1 skal spurt og svara\u00f0 um efni 43. greinarinnar \u00ed frumvarpi stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s en h\u00fan fjallar um \u00fea\u00f0 hver skuli \u00farskur\u00f0a um gildi kosninga.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n

<\/a><\/a>1. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Al\u00feingi k\u00fds landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rn til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00farskur\u00f0a um gildi forsetakosningar, kosninga til Al\u00feingis svo og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slna.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a>Hverju er veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 breyta?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

N\u00fa er \u00fea\u00f0 svo a\u00f0 Al\u00feingi kve\u00f0ur sj\u00e1lft upp \u00far me\u00f0 gildi \u00feingkosninga. \u00dea\u00f0 er a\u00f0 v\u00edsu or\u00f0a\u00f0 eins og enn\u00fe\u00e1 v\u00e6ru alfari\u00f0 einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi, enda mun \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 aldargamalt ef ekki eldra. \u00cd 46. gr. gildandi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r stendur: <\/span><\/span>\u201eAl\u00feingi sker sj\u00e1lft \u00far, hvort \u00feingmenn \u00feess s\u00e9u l\u00f6glega kosnir, svo og \u00far \u00fev\u00ed, hvort \u00feingma\u00f0ur hafi misst kj\u00f6rgengi.\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 vill a\u00f0 Al\u00feingi komi ekki n\u00e1l\u00e6gt \u00feessu og a\u00f0 sl\u00edk m\u00e1l fari beint til landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rnar til \u00farskur\u00f0ar, enda ver\u00f0i tilvist hennar bundin \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Athyglisvert er a\u00f0 d\u00f3mst\u00f3lar \u00farskur\u00f0a a\u00f0 lokum um a\u00f0rar kosningar; forsetakj\u00f6r, sveitarstj\u00f3rnarkosningar og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slur samkv\u00e6mt gildandi l\u00f6gum. Stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 vill stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbinda almenna reglu \u00ed \u00feessum efnum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a>Hvers vegna \u00feessi breyting?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

M\u00f6rgum finnst a\u00f0 \u00feingmenn s\u00e9u a\u00f0 d\u00e6ma \u00ed eigin m\u00e1li me\u00f0 gildandi \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i, enda \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00feeir eigi a\u00f0 v\u00edsu ekki a\u00f0 taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed umfj\u00f6llun um eigin \u00feingsetu. Samkv\u00e6mt \u00feessu v\u00e6ri v\u00e6ntanlega aldrei h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 d\u00e6ma \u00feingkosningar \u00f3gildar \u00ed heild sinni.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

N\u00fagildandi regla b\u00fd\u00f0ur upp \u00e1 p\u00f3lit\u00edska misnotkun. A\u00f0 sumra d\u00f3mi var \u00fea\u00f0 p\u00f3lit\u00edsk \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un Al\u00feingis \u00e1ri\u00f0 1967 a\u00f0 sam\u00feykkja kj\u00f6rbr\u00e9f frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubandalags \u00ed sta\u00f0 manns af lista Hannibals Valdimarssonar. Og enn undarlegra er a\u00f0 umr\u00e6ddur frambj\u00f3\u00f0andi f\u00e9kk a\u00f0 grei\u00f0a atkv\u00e6\u00f0i me\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfum s\u00e9r.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>2. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rn gefur \u00fat kj\u00f6rbr\u00e9f forseta og al\u00feingismanna og \u00farskur\u00f0ar hvort \u00feingma\u00f0ur hafi misst kj\u00f6rgengi. Um st\u00f6rf landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rnar fer eftir n\u00e1nari fyrirm\u00e6lum \u00ed l\u00f6gum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a>Hva\u00f0 er h\u00e9r n\u00fdtt og hvers vegna?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00deetta er beint framhald af breytingunni \u00ed 1. mgr. og \u00fearfnast ekki frekari sk\u00fdringar.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/a><\/a>3. mgr.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00darskur\u00f0um landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rnar m\u00e1 skj\u00f3ta til d\u00f3mst\u00f3la.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/a>Er \u00fe\u00e1 landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rn m\u00e1ttlaus?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rn er stj\u00f3rnvald og \u00fea\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 vera h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 \u00e1fr\u00fdja \u00farskur\u00f0i s\u00e9rhvers stj\u00f3rnvalds. \u00darskur\u00f0 landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rnar m\u00e6tti \u00fev\u00ed k\u00e6ra til d\u00f3mst\u00f3la og \u00fev\u00ed myndu efalaust allir \u00farskur\u00f0ir enda fyrir H\u00e6star\u00e9tti.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00dev\u00ed ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 treysta a\u00f0 landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rn vandi sig svo a\u00f0 einungis \u00ed afar fl\u00f3knum tilvikum k\u00e6mi til kasta d\u00f3mst\u00f3la.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

20. september 2012,<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00deorkell Helgason, fv. fulltr\u00fai \u00ed stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0i.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00deennan langa pistil m\u00e1 l\u00edka n\u00e1lgast sem pdf-skjal:\u00a0 SpurtOgSvaradKosningakerfiRadsins_20sept2012_Thorkell\u00a0 \u00a0 Stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 leggur til gagngera breytingu \u00e1 \u00f6llu fyrirkomulagi kosninga til Al\u00feingis sem m\u00e6lt ver\u00f0i fyrir um \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1. Tillagan birtist \u00ed 39. gr. frumvarps \u00feess auk \u00feess sem 43. gr. skiptir og m\u00e1li \u00ed \u00feessu samhengi.\u00a0\u00deessar till\u00f6gugreinar eru h\u00e9r t\u00edunda\u00f0ar m\u00e1lsgrein fyrir m\u00e1lsgrein. Er \u00fe\u00e1 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[8,36,20,25,53,64],"class_list":["post-1629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eigin-vefsida","tag-althingiskosningar","tag-atkvaedisrettur","tag-kjordaemamalid","tag-personukjor","tag-tillogur-stjornlagarads","tag-thjodaratkvaedagreidsla-2012"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1629"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1629\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1642,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1629\/revisions\/1642"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}