{"id":1850,"date":"2013-02-10T21:29:41","date_gmt":"2013-02-10T21:29:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=1850"},"modified":"2013-02-10T21:31:41","modified_gmt":"2013-02-10T21:31:41","slug":"vibrg-vi-gagnrni-indria-h-indriasonar-39-gr-stjrnarskrrfrumvarpsins","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=1850","title":{"rendered":"Viðbrögð við gagnrýni Indriða H. Indriðasonar á 39. gr. stjórnarskrárfrumvarpsins"},"content":{"rendered":"

Erindi sent til stj\u00f3rnskipunar- og eftirlitsnefndar Al\u00feingis<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

um till\u00f6gur stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s um breytingar \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 \u00cdslands (\u00feskj. nr. 3, 140. l\u00fe.)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Undirrita\u00f0ur leyfir s\u00e9r enn \u00e1 n\u00fd a\u00f0 rita stj\u00f3rnskipunar- og eftirlitsnefnd til a\u00f0 breg\u00f0ast vi\u00f0 gagnr\u00fdni \u00e1 39. gr. stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rfrumvarpsins en setur sem kunnugt er ramma um fyrirkomulag kosninga til Al\u00feingis. \u00cd \u00feetta sinn ver\u00f0ur fjalla\u00f0 um tv\u00e6r \u00e1bendingar sem fram hafa komi\u00f0 opinberlega fr\u00e1 Indri\u00f0a H. Indri\u00f0asyni stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lafr\u00e6\u00f0ingi um \u00feessi \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00e1lit undirrita\u00f0s a\u00f0 athugasemdirnar s\u00e9u b\u00e1\u00f0ar \u00fea\u00f0 villandi a\u00f0 \u00feeim ver\u00f0i a\u00f0 svara.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Voru r\u00e1\u00f0 erlendra fr\u00e6\u00f0imanna hunsu\u00f0?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c1 m\u00e1l\u00feingi \u00feriggja \u00edslenskra h\u00e1sk\u00f3la um till\u00f6gur stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s hinn 9. n\u00f3vember s.l. vitna\u00f0i Indri\u00f0i \u00ed \u201en\u00fdlega \u2026 athugun \u00e1 me\u00f0al stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lafr\u00e6\u00f0inga v\u00ed\u00f0a um heim sem s\u00e9rh\u00e6fa sig \u00ed kosningakerfum hva\u00f0a kosningakerfi \u00feeir \u00e1litu vera best.\u201c<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span>S\u00ed\u00f0an spyr hann: \u201eHva\u00f0a r\u00f6k voru f\u00e6r\u00f0 fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feetta kerfi henta\u00f0i ekki \u00e1 \u00cdslandi?\u201c <\/span><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/a>[1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Horfum fyrst \u00e1 tilefni og innhald \u00feeirrar fr\u00e6\u00f0igreinar sem Indri\u00f0i v\u00edsar til. Tilgangurinn me\u00f0 \u00feeirri ranns\u00f3kn sem greinin fjallar um var a\u00f0 f\u00e1 \u00e1lit kosningafr\u00e6\u00f0inga \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hva\u00f0 telja m\u00e6tti bestu kosningakerfin. Greinarh\u00f6fundar t\u00edndu til f\u00e9laga \u00ed amer\u00edsku, bresku og einu al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legu f\u00e9lagi kosningafr\u00e6\u00f0inga.<\/span><\/span><\/a>[2]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Upphaflegi listinn innih\u00e9lt 731 n\u00f6fn. Eftir \u00fdmsar hreingerningar \u00e1 listanum voru eftir 547 sem fengu senda spurningalista, en a\u00f0eins 170 e\u00f0a t\u00e6pur \u00feri\u00f0jungur svara\u00f0i. S\u00e9rstaklega er bent \u00e1 a\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0ingar utan hins enskum\u00e6landi heims voru miki\u00f0 til utangar\u00f0s. \u00deetta er etv. kjarni m\u00e1lsins \u00feegar kemur a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 meta ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0urnar og \u00fea\u00f0 hvort \u00fe\u00e6r gagnist okkur h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi sem tilheyrum allt \u00f6\u00f0rum menningarheimi \u00ed \u00feessum efnum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Hva\u00f0 liggur nefnilega engilsaxneskum kosningafr\u00e6\u00f0ingum \u00e1 hjarta? \u00deeir b\u00faa yfirleitt vi\u00f0 fyrirkomulag einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6ma (skammstafa\u00f0 me\u00f0 SMP \u00ed greininni) sem margir vilja f\u00e1 breytt \u00ed \u00e1tt til listaframbo\u00f0a og hlutfallskosninga. Hva\u00f0a kosningakerfi \u00f6nnur hafa fr\u00e6\u00f0ingarnir \u00fe\u00e1 \u00ed huga? \u00dea\u00f0 eru einkum \u00feau kerfi sem reynd hafa veri\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeirra menningarheimi en \u00fea\u00f0 er einstaklingskj\u00f6r me\u00f0 framf\u00e6ranlegum atkv\u00e6\u00f0um (STV) eins og nota\u00f0 er \u00e1 \u00cdrlandi og v\u00ed\u00f0ar (og \u00ed kosningunni til stj\u00f3rnlaga\u00feings 2010) auk kerfis tveggja atkv\u00e6\u00f0a (sem \u00feeir skammstafa me\u00f0 MMP) sem \u00e1 uppruna sinn \u00ed \u00de\u00fdskalandi en hefur veri\u00f0 innf\u00e6rt \u00ed hinum enskum\u00e6landi heimi, t.d. \u00e1 N\u00fdja Sj\u00e1landi. Er \u00fe\u00e1 nokkur fur\u00f0a a\u00f0 me\u00f0al \u00fe\u00e1tttakenda \u00ed k\u00f6nnuninni fengu \u00feessi tv\u00f6 kerfi h\u00e6stu einkunn \u00e1samt me\u00f0 \u00feeirri lausn a\u00f0 breyta engu? MMP var \u00ed efsta s\u00e6ti, n\u00e6st kom \u00edrska kerfi\u00f0, STV, \u00fe\u00e1 listakj\u00f6r me\u00f0 opnum, \u00fe.e.a.s. \u00f3r\u00f6\u00f0u\u00f0um listum, og \u00ed \u00feri\u00f0ja s\u00e6ti kerfi engilsaxanna, SMP? <\/span><\/span><\/a>[3]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Athyglisvert er a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 kerfi, sem m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 s\u00e9 sameiginlegt Nor\u00f0url\u00f6ndunum (utan Finnlands og F\u00e6reyja), \u00fe.e.a.s. listakj\u00f6r \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mum me\u00f0 landskj\u00f6rs\u00edvafi \u00ed formi j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6ta, var ekki \u00ed bo\u00f0i \u00ed \u00feessari k\u00f6nnun. Kosningakerfi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rfrumvarpsins, svo og allt okkar kosningafyrirkomulag a.m.k. s\u00ed\u00f0an 1959, er af \u00feessum r\u00f3tum sproti\u00f0. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00deau tv\u00f6 kerfi sem fr\u00e6\u00f0ingarnir t\u00f6ldu \u00e1hugaver\u00f0ust, \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fdska og \u00fea\u00f0 \u00edrska, voru b\u00e6\u00f0i r\u00e6dd \u00ed stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0i. \u00cdrska kerfi\u00f0 \u00ed sinni hreinu mynd \u2013 og vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist mi\u00f0a\u00f0 \u00ed margumr\u00e6ddri k\u00f6nnun \u00feegar tala\u00f0 er um STV \u2013 \u00fe\u00f3tti v\u00edkja um of fr\u00e1 okkar fyrirkomulagi og hef\u00f0um. \u00cd \u00fev\u00ed eru einstaklingar \u00ed frambo\u00f0i, ekki flokkslistar. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir m.a. a\u00f0 einungis er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa me\u00f0 pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri; ekki er unnt a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa yfir stu\u00f0ningi vi\u00f0 lista e\u00f0a flokka eina s\u00e9r. \u00deetta \u00fe\u00f3tti stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0i geta veikt flokkana verulega, yr\u00f0i \u00fev\u00ed komi\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00ed einu vetfangi h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi. Engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur var haft \u00ed huga \u00feegar ramminn um kosningakerfi\u00f0 \u00ed till\u00f6gu stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s var saminn a\u00f0 r\u00fam v\u00e6ri \u00ed kosningal\u00f6gum fyrir \u00fatf\u00e6rslu me\u00f0 STV, en um lei\u00f0 haldi merking vi\u00f0 flokka gildi s\u00ednu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Me\u00f0 sama h\u00e6tti \u00fe\u00f3tti \u00fe\u00fdska kerfi\u00f0 ekki henta okkur. \u00cd \u00fev\u00ed hafa kj\u00f3sendur tv\u00f6 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i, anna\u00f0 til a\u00f0 velja frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda \u00ed einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi og hitt til a\u00f0 merkja vi\u00f0 landslista. Landslistaatkv\u00e6\u00f0in ein r\u00e1\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti hvernig \u00feings\u00e6ti \u00ed heild skiptast \u00e1 milli flokkanna. \u00deeir sem n\u00e1 kj\u00f6ri \u00ed einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6munum hafa forgang a\u00f0 (lands)s\u00e6tum vi\u00f0komandi flokks. Ekki \u00fearf a\u00f0 vera samr\u00e6mi \u00ed notkun kj\u00f3sandans \u00e1 hinum tveimur atkv\u00e6\u00f0um hans. Hann getur \u00ed einmenningskj\u00f6rinu vali\u00f0 frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda \u00far flokki A en kosi\u00f0 landslista flokks B. \u00deannig getur kj\u00f3sandinn haft \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 hver mannar eitt s\u00e6ta A-flokksins en samt veitt flokki B fullan stu\u00f0ning. Me\u00f0 \u00feessum h\u00e6tti f\u00e1 sl\u00edkir \u201eflokkaflakkarar\u201c \u00ed raun meira v\u00e6gi en hinir flokkshollu. \u00deetta er vart til eftirbreytni enda hefur \u00fatf\u00e6rsla \u00fe\u00fdska kerfisins, t.d. \u00ed Austur-Evr\u00f3pu, i\u00f0ulega teki\u00f0 mi\u00f0 af \u00feessum galla.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a undirrita\u00f0s a\u00f0 margumr\u00e6dd k\u00f6nnun \u00e1 vi\u00f0horfum hins engilsaxneska kosningafr\u00e6\u00f0aheims hafi takmarka\u00f0 gildi fyrir okkur. \u00c1 hinn b\u00f3ginn er kosningakerfi \u00fea\u00f0 sem stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s leggur til s\u00ed\u00f0ur en svo \u00ed m\u00f3ts\u00f6gn vi\u00f0 \u00e1lit \u00feessara fr\u00e6\u00f0inga. \u00deannig vilja \u00feeir hlutfallslega r\u00e9tt uppgj\u00f6r \u00e1 milli flokka, hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 f\u00e6st me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fdska MMP-kerfinu e\u00f0a \u00edrska STV-kerfinu. \u00deetta skilyr\u00f0i er uppfyllt til hins \u00edtrasta \u00ed \u00feeim ramma sem till\u00f6gur stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s setja um kosningal\u00f6g. Hlutfallslegur j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur milli flokka er aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti ekki a\u00f0 fullu trygg\u00f0ur \u00ed gildandi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 \u00fear sem j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6tin ein gegna \u00feessu hlutverki, en \u00feau eru einungis 9 af 63 \u00feings\u00e6tum alls. Ef \u00fer\u00edr n\u00fdjir flokkar komast r\u00e9tt naumlega yfir 5%-\u00fer\u00f6skuldinn hlj\u00f3ta \u00feeir v\u00e6ntanlega \u00f6ll j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6tin. \u00de\u00e1 eru engin s\u00e6ti eftir til a\u00f0 jafna \u00e1 milli hef\u00f0bundnu flokkanna fj\u00f6gurra.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00de\u00e1 vilja fr\u00e6\u00f0ingarnir einhvers konar bland kj\u00f6rd\u00e6miskj\u00f6rs og landskj\u00f6rs, sbr. \u00e1huga \u00feeirra \u00e1 \u00fe\u00fdska kerfinu. N\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega \u00fea\u00f0 felst \u00ed till\u00f6gu r\u00e1\u00f0sins, og einnig me\u00f0 \u00feeirri breytingu sem meirihluti stj\u00f3rnskipunar- og eftirlitsnefndar Al\u00feingis leggur til<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00fe\u00f3 me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum h\u00e6tti s\u00e9.<\/span><\/span><\/a>[4]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A\u00f0 lokum skal vakin athygli \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0ingarnir margnefndu setja listakj\u00f6r me\u00f0 opnum listum \u00ed \u00feri\u00f0ja s\u00e6ti \u00f3skalista s\u00edns. \u00de\u00e1 er \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 fyrirkomulag \u00fear sem kj\u00f3sendur f\u00e1 alfari\u00f0 \u2013 e\u00f0a a.m.k. \u00ed afgerandi m\u00e6li \u2013 r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hverjir skipa \u00feings\u00e6ti listanna. Fr\u00e6\u00f0ingarnir setja lista me\u00f0 pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri ofar \u00fev\u00ed kerfi \u00fear sem listar eru \u201eloka\u00f0ir\u201c, \u00fe.e.a.s. \u00fear sem litlu sem engu ver\u00f0ur breytt um mannval, eins og reyndin er \u00ed gildandi kosningal\u00f6gum h\u00e9rlendis. \u00dearna eru \u00feeir einnig samm\u00e1la stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0i.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A\u00f0 \u00feessu s\u00f6g\u00f0u ver\u00f0ur ekki s\u00e9\u00f0 a\u00f0 spurning Indri\u00f0a \u201eHva\u00f0a r\u00f6k voru f\u00e6r\u00f0 fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feetta kerfi [MMP, \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fdska] henta\u00f0i ekki \u00e1 \u00cdslandi?\u201c <\/em>eigi vi\u00f0 me\u00f0 hli\u00f0sj\u00f3n af okkar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur. En a\u00f0 svo miklu leyti h\u00fan sem snertir okkur \u00fe\u00e1 eru till\u00f6gur stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s, me\u00f0 e\u00f0a \u00e1n breytinga meiri hluta \u00feingnefndarinnar, fyllilega \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur kosningafr\u00e6\u00f0inganna umr\u00e6ddu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kaupa kj\u00f3sendur k\u00f6ttinn \u00ed sekknum me\u00f0 pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Einn grunn\u00fe\u00e1tta \u00ed till\u00f6gu stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s er a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sendur f\u00e1i a\u00f0 velja s\u00e9r \u00feingmenn \u00ed pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir ekki a\u00f0 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur bj\u00f3\u00f0i sig fram sem einstaklingar heldur skulu \u00feeir vera \u00e1 listum flokka e\u00f0a einhverra samtaka, st\u00f3rra e\u00f0a sm\u00e1rra. Flokkunum er \u00fev\u00ed sem og hinga\u00f0 til \u00ed sj\u00e1lfsvald sett hvernig \u00feeir velja \u00e1 listana \u00fe\u00e1 einstaklinga sem standa kj\u00f3sendum til bo\u00f0a. Jafnframt er kj\u00f3sendum heimilt a\u00f0 merkja vi\u00f0 lista eina s\u00e9r. \u00deegar a\u00f0 uppgj\u00f6ri kosninganna kemur skal fyrst fundi\u00f0 \u00fat samanlagt fylgi frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda hvers lista auk listaatkv\u00e6\u00f0anna sj\u00e1lfra. \u00deetta er \u00fe\u00e1 heildarfylgi hvers lista sem s\u00ed\u00f0an er lagt saman til a\u00f0 finna heildarfylgi hvers flokks. \u00c1 grundvelli sl\u00edks heildarfylgis flokkanna er s\u00e6tunum skipt hlutfallslega \u00e1 milli \u00feeirra. Pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri\u00f0 hefur einungis \u00e1hrif \u00feegar kemur a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 manna s\u00e6ti hvers flokks e\u00f0a lista. A\u00f0 \u00feessu leyti er pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri\u00f0 sett sk\u00f6r l\u00e6gra en flokkskj\u00f6ri\u00f0 \u00ed till\u00f6gum r\u00e1\u00f0sins. Svo er v\u00ed\u00f0ast hvar \u00fear sem pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r er vi\u00f0haft, \u00fe.e.a.s. fyrst er s\u00e6tum \u00fathluta\u00f0 eftir flokksfylgi og s\u00ed\u00f0an eftir pers\u00f3nufylgi. \u00deetta er tilfelli\u00f0 \u00ed Finnlandi, F\u00e6reyjum, Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0, Danm\u00f6rk, Hollandi svo a\u00f0 n\u00e6rt\u00e6k d\u00e6mi s\u00e9u tekin. En ekki \u00ed \u00cdrlandi: \u00dear er flokksfylgi\u00f0 aldrei tali\u00f0!<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed grundvallaratri\u00f0i \u00ed till\u00f6gum stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s a\u00f0 forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0unin vi\u00f0 \u00fathlutun \u00feings\u00e6ta s\u00e9 \u00feessi:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Hver flokkur f\u00e1i \u00feings\u00e6ti \u00ed sem fyllstu samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 heildarfylgi \u00e1 landinu \u00f6llu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00deings\u00e6ti hvers flokks deilist \u00fat til frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda hans eftir pers\u00f3nufylgi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Me\u00f0 \u00feeirri breytingu sem meirihluti stj\u00f3rnskipunar- og eftirlitsnefndar Al\u00feingis leggur til er skoti\u00f0 inn \u00e1 milli \u00feessara forgangsatri\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hver listi<\/span> skuli hlj\u00f3ta s\u00e6ti \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 atkv\u00e6\u00f0astyrk. Um lei\u00f0 er enn frekar dregi\u00f0 \u00far v\u00e6gi pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rsins me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a m\u00e1 fram ra\u00f0a\u00f0a lista ef flokkur svo k\u00fds. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Indri\u00f0i H. Indri\u00f0ason gerir hina \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milegu m\u00f3ts\u00f6gn milli \u00e1hrifa flokksfylgis og pers\u00f3nufylgis a\u00f0 umkv\u00f6rtunarefninu \u00ed erindi til stj\u00f3rnskipunar- og eftirlitsnefndar Al\u00feingis um fyrirliggjandi frumvarp til stj\u00f3rnarskipunarlaga.<\/span><\/span><\/a>[5]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00cd \u00feessu skyni b\u00fdr hann til afk\u00e1ralegt og \u00f3raunh\u00e6ft d\u00e6mi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Au\u00f0velt er a\u00f0 finna hn\u00f6kra og m\u00f3tsagnir \u00e1 \u00f6llum kosningal\u00f6gum og gera \u00feau hl\u00e6gileg me\u00f0 \u00fdktum d\u00e6mum. \u00deetta er vins\u00e6ll leikur sem margir gagnr\u00fdnendur kosningatillagna stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s \u00e1stunda. En vita menn t.d. a\u00f0 gildandi kosningal\u00f6g eru me\u00f0 \u00feeim \u00e1galla a\u00f0 listi getur misst<\/span> s\u00e6ti vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta<\/span> vi\u00f0 sig atkv\u00e6\u00f0um? \u00dea\u00f0 er meira a\u00f0 segja h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 benda \u00e1 raunveruleg d\u00e6mi \u00far li\u00f0num kosningum.<\/span><\/span><\/a>[6]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00deetta sama fyrirb\u00e6ri stingur upp kollinum \u00ed m\u00f6rgum kosningakerfum. Svo hefur t.d. veri\u00f0 \u00ed \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um um kosningar til \u00fe\u00fdska sambands\u00feingsins allt fr\u00e1 1953 e\u00f0a \u00ed sext\u00edu \u00e1r. \u00cd kosningunum 2007 s\u00e1 einn flokkanna (CDU) s\u00e9r leik \u00e1 bor\u00f0i og n\u00fdtti s\u00e9r fyrirb\u00e6ri\u00f0 og hvatti kj\u00f3sendur \u00ed einu kj\u00f6rd\u00e6manna a\u00f0 halda sig heima. Og viti menn, flokkurinn gr\u00e6ddi \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed eitt \u00feings\u00e6ti.<\/span><\/a>[7]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00de\u00e1 var \u00fe\u00fdska stj\u00f3rnlagad\u00f3mst\u00f3lnum n\u00f3g bo\u00f0i\u00f0 og d\u00e6mdi hann kosningal\u00f6gin stj\u00f3rnskr\u00e1rbrot. En \u00fear vi\u00f0 situr sex \u00e1rum s\u00ed\u00f0ar og sambands\u00feingskosning framundan s\u00ed\u00f0ar \u00e1 \u00feessu \u00e1ri!<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Indri\u00f0i l\u00fdsir d\u00e6mi s\u00ednu \u00feannig: <\/span>\u201eAnna\u00f0 atri\u00f0i sem ekki hefur veri\u00f0 sko\u00f0a\u00f0 \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r er a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sendur geta ekki alltaf s\u00e9\u00f0 fyrir hva\u00f0a \u00e1hrif atkv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00feeirra hefur. \u00deetta er best sk\u00fdrt me\u00f0 einf\u00f6ldu d\u00e6mi \u00fear sem einungis einn \u00feingma\u00f0ur er kj\u00f6rinn. Gefum okkur a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 tveir flokkar: H\u00e6gri og Vinstri. Til vi\u00f0b\u00f3tar stefnu \u00ed efnahagsm\u00e1lum er \u00e1greiningur um Evr\u00f3pum\u00e1l. Segjum a\u00f0 t\u00edu kj\u00f3sendur vilji alls ekki ganga \u00ed Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 \u2013 en \u00feeir eru l\u00edka vinstrisinna\u00f0ir. \u00deannig vilja \u00feeir helst frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda sem er Evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingur og vinstrima\u00f0ur, n\u00e6stsk\u00e1sti kosturinn er h\u00e6grisinna\u00f0ur Evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingur og s\u00ed\u00f0an koma vinstrisinna\u00f0ir Evr\u00f3pusinnar og loks h\u00e6grisinna\u00f0ir Evr\u00f3pusinnar. Segjum a\u00f0 hvor flokkur um sig stillir upp sex frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum. Allir frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur h\u00e6gri flokksins eru Evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingar. Frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur vinstri flokksins skiptast hinsvegar jafnt \u00ed frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur sem eru Evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingur og Evr\u00f3pusinnar.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A\u00f0 slepptum kj\u00f3sendunum t\u00edu sem eiga eftir a\u00f0 gera upp hug sinn gerir Indri\u00f0i r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i hafi falli\u00f0 \u00feannig \u00ed hreinu pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Vinstri<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

H\u00e6gri<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Atkv.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Frambj\u00f3\u00f0andi<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Atkv.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Frambj\u00f3\u00f0andi<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Evr\u00f3pusinni<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingur<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

100<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Evr\u00f3pusinni<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingur<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Evr\u00f3pusinni<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingur<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingur<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingur<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingur<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingur<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingur<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

20<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingur<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

100<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Atkv\u00e6\u00f0i flokks<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

95<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Atkv\u00e6\u00f0i flokks<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00fa sn\u00fdr Indri\u00f0i s\u00e9r a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sendunum t\u00edu sem hann segir vera \u00ed senn vinstrisinna\u00f0a og evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0inga og um lei\u00f0 fylgismenn 5. frambj\u00f3\u00f0andans \u00e1 lista Vinstri. Hva\u00f0 gerist \u00fe\u00e1? Vinstri-flokkurinn er me\u00f0 meira heildarfylgi en H\u00e6gri-flokkurinn og f\u00e6r \u00fev\u00ed s\u00e6ti\u00f0 sem fer \u00fe\u00e1 vitaskuld til vins\u00e6lasta frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda hans sem er s\u00e1 \u00ed 2. s\u00e6ti listans, en hann er \u00f3vart eindreginn evr\u00f3pusinni. \u00dear me\u00f0 keyptu hinir t\u00edu k\u00f6ttinn \u00ed sekknum. Hef\u00f0u \u00feeir aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti broti\u00f0 odd af ofl\u00e6ti s\u00ednu og kosi\u00f0 til h\u00e6gri hef\u00f0u s\u00e1 flokkur fengi\u00f0 \u00feings\u00e6ti\u00f0 og hinir t\u00edu geta\u00f0 vali\u00f0 \u00far h\u00f3pi 6 evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0inga og r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hver \u00feeirra komist \u00e1 \u00feing. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00deetta d\u00e6mi notar Indri\u00f0i til a\u00f0 draga \u00ed efa \u00e1g\u00e6ti pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rs \u00feegar hann segir: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 er svol\u00edti\u00f0 \u00f6fugsn\u00fai\u00f0 \u2013 pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rinu er \u00e6tla\u00f0 a\u00f0 auka val kj\u00f3senda um frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur en \u00fea\u00f0 getur leitt til \u00f3sanngjarnar ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u ef frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur skipta virkilega m\u00e1li.\u201c<\/em> Er \u00feetta svona einfalt?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Hversu l\u00edklegt er a\u00f0 fylgi skiptist me\u00f0 \u00feessum fur\u00f0ulega h\u00e6tti sem er \u00ed d\u00e6minu? A\u00f0 einn af sex frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum \u00feeirra vinstri hlj\u00f3ti \u00f6ll atkv\u00e6\u00f0i listans (a\u00f0 gleymdum atkv\u00e6\u00f0um hinna t\u00edu villur\u00e1fandi) en hj\u00e1 \u00feeim til h\u00e6gri s\u00e9u allir frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur \u00e1m\u00f3ta vins\u00e6lir? Og ef svo v\u00e6ri, er \u00fe\u00e1 l\u00edklegt a\u00f0 hinir t\u00edu hef\u00f0u ekki haft ve\u00f0ur af \u00fev\u00ed hve vins\u00e6ll evr\u00f3pusinninn \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0ru s\u00e6ti vinstralistans v\u00e6ri og \u00fev\u00ed alvarlega \u00edhuga\u00f0 a\u00f0 H\u00e6gri-flokkinn?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En hva\u00f0 ger\u00f0ist \u00ed d\u00e6minu ef ekkert v\u00e6ri pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri\u00f0? \u00de\u00e1 f\u00e6ri \u00feings\u00e6ti\u00f0 til efsta manns \u00e1 \u00feeim lista sem meira f\u00e6r fylgi\u00f0. Ef kj\u00f3sendurnir t\u00edu kj\u00f3sa til vinstri \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 meginsko\u00f0un s\u00edna f\u00e1 \u00feeir efsta manninn \u00e1 vinstri listanum sem \u00f3vart er har\u00f0ur evr\u00f3pusinni en jafnframt svo \u00f3vins\u00e6ll a\u00f0 enginn vill hann! Kj\u00f3si \u00feeir til h\u00e6gri fengju \u00feeir \u00feann sem \u00fear er efstur, sem er a\u00f0 v\u00edsu a\u00f0 \u00feeim a\u00f0 skapi sem evr\u00f3puandst\u00e6\u00f0ingur en a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ru leyti ekki. Er \u00feeir betur settir en \u00ed pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rinu?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Breytum n\u00fa d\u00e6minu \u00f6rl\u00edti\u00f0 og l\u00e1tum \u00feann \u00ed efsta s\u00e6ti H\u00e6gri-flokksins vera evr\u00f3pusinna\u00f0an. (\u00deeir eru til!). M\u00f3ts\u00f6gnin milli flokks- og pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rs, sem Indri\u00f0i hampar, er \u00e1fram ef kosi\u00f0 er hreinu pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri eins og hann gengur \u00fat fr\u00e1. En hva\u00f0 ger\u00f0ist n\u00fa ef ekkert v\u00e6ri pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6ri\u00f0? \u00de\u00e1 fengju t\u00edumenningarnir yfir sig evr\u00f3pusinna\u00f0an \u00feingmann hvernig svo sem \u00feeir kj\u00f3sa; hvort \u00feeir kj\u00f3sa til h\u00e6gri e\u00f0a vinstri e\u00f0a skila au\u00f0u: Alltaf f\u00e1 \u00feeir yfir sig evr\u00f3pusinna. Er \u00fea\u00f0 \u00f3skakerfi\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0 viljum heldur?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00deetta d\u00e6mi og tilbrig\u00f0i \u00feess undirstrikar au\u00f0vita\u00f0 einungis \u00fea\u00f0 sem \u00e1\u00f0ur segir a\u00f0 \u00f6ll kosningakerfi m\u00e1 gera hl\u00e6gileg me\u00f0 afk\u00e1ralegum d\u00e6mum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur er d\u00e6mi\u00f0 \u00e1hugavert, ekki s\u00edst fyrir kj\u00f3sendur \u00ed l\u00f6ndum eins og t.d. F\u00e6reyjum, Finnlandi, Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0, Danm\u00f6rk og Hollandi. \u00cd fyrstu tveim l\u00f6ndunum er fyrirkomulagi\u00f0 n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega eins og Indri\u00f0i gengur \u00fat fr\u00e1, a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sandinn fari me\u00f0 einn kross sem \u00ed fyrsta lagi er til stu\u00f0nings vi\u00f0 lista og s\u00ed\u00f0an innan hans til stu\u00f0nings frambj\u00f3\u00f0anda. Sko\u00f0un \u00e1 \u00farslitum t.d. \u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0ustu kosningum til finnska \u00feingsins s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er af og fr\u00e1 a\u00f0 d\u00e6mi eins \u00fea\u00f0 hj\u00e1 Indri\u00f0a s\u00e9 raunh\u00e6ft. Stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 m\u00e6lir ekki fyrir um sl\u00edkt einskrossafyrirkomulag, \u00fea\u00f0 er meira a\u00f0 segja vart leyfilegt innan rammans \u00ed till\u00f6gum r\u00e1\u00f0sins.<\/span><\/span><\/a>[8]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00dear koma margar a\u00f0rar og betri \u00fatf\u00e6rslur til \u00e1lita. Til d\u00e6mis g\u00e6ti margt fari\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ru v\u00edsi \u00ed d\u00e6mi Indri\u00f0a ef kosi\u00f0 v\u00e6ri me\u00f0 forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0unar\u00f0fer\u00f0 (STV) sem r\u00famast innan tillagna r\u00e1\u00f0sins eftir vissa a\u00f0l\u00f6gun a\u00f0fer\u00f0arinnar a\u00f0 listakj\u00f6ri. \u00deennan m\u00f6guleika nefnir Indri\u00f0i a\u00f0 v\u00edsu \u00ed erindi s\u00ednu til \u00feingnefndarinnar, en innan sviga. Og \u00e1heyrendur \u00e1 m\u00e1l\u00feinginu fyrrnefnda voru ekki uppl\u00fdstir um \u00feennan m\u00f6guleika.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a undirrita\u00f0s er s\u00fa a\u00f0 d\u00e6mi Indri\u00f0a sanni svo sem ekki neitt, alla vega ekkert sem stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0 vissi ekki um. Gjalda ber varhug vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta \u00f6fgakennd d\u00e6mi villa s\u00e9r s\u00fdn. Hitt er aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 dregur \u00far gildi og markt\u00e6kni pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6rs a\u00f0 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i greitt frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum teljist fyrst til lista \u00feeirra. En vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed m\u00e1 breg\u00f0ast \u00ed \u00fatf\u00e6rslu innan ramma kosningalaga. STV-a\u00f0fer\u00f0in kemst n\u00e6st a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 saman fari a\u00f0 flokkarnir f\u00e1i s\u00edn s\u00e6ti og kj\u00f3sendur s\u00edna frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur. En fleiri a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir komast n\u00e6rri \u00feessu markmi\u00f0i, a\u00f0rar en s\u00fa einfalda lei\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta kj\u00f3sendur f\u00e1 a\u00f0eins einn kross eins og er \u00ed Finnlandi og v\u00ed\u00f0ar.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n
\n
\n

<\/a>[1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Bowler, Shaun, David M. Farrell, and Robin T. Pettitt. 2005. \u201cExpert Opinion on<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Electoral Systems: So Which Electoral System is \u2018Best\u2019?\u201d <\/span>Journal of Elections,<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Public Opinion and Parties<\/span><\/span><\/em> 15 (1): 3\u201319. Sj\u00e1 vefs\u00ed\u00f0una <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/13689880500064544<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

<\/a>[2]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00deetta eru eftirtalin f\u00e9l\u00f6g og h\u00f3pur: 1) The Electoral Systems and<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Representation section of the American Political Science Association, 2) the Comparative<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Representation and Electoral Systems Research Committee of the International<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Political Science Association, og 3) the Elections, Public Opinion and Parties specialist<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

group of the British Political Studies Association.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

<\/a>[3]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u00c1 umr\u00e6ddri grein \u00feeirra Bowlers og f\u00e9laga er s\u00e9 alvarlegi galli a\u00f0 hugt\u00f6k eru l\u00edtt e\u00f0a ekki skilgreind sem ver\u00f0ur \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milega til a\u00f0 r\u00fdra mj\u00f6g gagnsemi og um lei\u00f0 v\u00e6gi greinarinnar. \u00deannig er \u00f3skakerfi fr\u00e6\u00f0imanna, MMP, einungis tilgreint sem \u201emixed-member proportional\u201c-kerfi. \u00dev\u00ed ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 leita anna\u00f0 til a\u00f0 f\u00e1 skilgreininguna \u00e1 hreint. Fanga var leita\u00f0 \u00ed grundvallarhandb\u00f3k um kosningakerfi, Electoral System Design: The New International IDEA Handbook, International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2005, Reprinted 2008; sj\u00e1 <\/span><\/span>http:\/\/www.idea.int\/publications\/esd\/upload\/ESD_Handb_low.pdf<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span>. \u00dear er skilgreining sem er heimf\u00e6r\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fe\u00fdska kerfi\u00f0 og l\u00fdst er s\u00ed\u00f0ar \u00ed meginm\u00e1li \u00feessa erindis.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

<\/a>[4]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Sj\u00e1 http:\/\/www.althingi.is\/altext\/141\/s\/0948.html.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

<\/a>[5]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Al\u00feingi, erindi nr. 1028 vi\u00f0 415. m\u00e1l \u00e1 141. l\u00f6ggjafar\u00feingi, komudagur 13.12.2012. Sj\u00e1 http:\/\/www.althingi.is\/pdf\/umsogn.php4?lthing=141&malnr=415&dbnr=1028&nefnd=se.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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<\/a>[6]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Sj\u00e1 undirkaflanna \u201e11. Um g\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fathlutunara\u00f0fer\u00f0a\u201c \u00ed sk\u00fdrslu \u201eGreining \u00e1 \u00fathlutun \u00feings\u00e6ta<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

eftir al\u00feingiskosningarnar 25. apr\u00edl 2009\u201c sem finna m\u00e1 \u00e1 vef landskj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rnar<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.landskjor.is\/media\/frettir\/Greining2009per10mai2010.pdf<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

<\/a>[7]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Um \u00feetta m\u00e1 lesa \u00e1 vefs\u00ed\u00f0unni https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=1352.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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<\/a>[8]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Finnska kerfi\u00f0 \u00e6tti \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 r\u00famast innan \u00feeirrar ger\u00f0ar 39. gr. sem meiri hluti \u00feingnefndarinnar leggur til. Hitt er anna\u00f0 m\u00e1l hvort \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00e6skilegt kerfi. Mun meiri h\u00e6tta er \u00e1 pers\u00f3nud\u00fdrkun ef kj\u00f3sandinn fer a\u00f0eins me\u00f0 einn kross en hafi hann fleiri spil \u00ed h\u00f6ndum.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Erindi sent til stj\u00f3rnskipunar- og eftirlitsnefndar Al\u00feingis um till\u00f6gur stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s um breytingar \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 \u00cdslands (\u00feskj. nr. 3, 140. l\u00fe.) Undirrita\u00f0ur leyfir s\u00e9r enn \u00e1 n\u00fd a\u00f0 rita stj\u00f3rnskipunar- og eftirlitsnefnd til a\u00f0 breg\u00f0ast vi\u00f0 gagnr\u00fdni \u00e1 39. gr. stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rfrumvarpsins en setur sem kunnugt er ramma um fyrirkomulag kosninga til Al\u00feingis. \u00cd \u00feetta sinn ver\u00f0ur […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[8,69,67,25,53],"class_list":["post-1850","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eigin-vefsida","tag-althingiskosningar","tag-frv-ad-nyrri-stjornarskra","tag-gagnryni-a-kosningakerfi","tag-personukjor","tag-tillogur-stjornlagarads"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1850","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1850"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1850\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1853,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1850\/revisions\/1853"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1850"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1850"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1850"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}