{"id":2124,"date":"2015-01-29T12:51:03","date_gmt":"2015-01-29T12:51:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=2124"},"modified":"2024-01-07T12:55:36","modified_gmt":"2024-01-07T12:55:36","slug":"umbaetur-a-kosningakerfinu-ii-jofnudur-milli-flokka","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=2124","title":{"rendered":"Umb\u00e6tur \u00e1 kosningakerfinu: II. J\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur milli flokka"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pistill \u00feessi,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Umb\u00e6tur-\u00e1-kosningakerfinu-J\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur-milli-flokka.pdf\">Umb\u00e6tur \u00e1 kosningakerfinu: II. J\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur milli flokka<\/a>, er annar fj\u00f6gurra efnispistla um umb\u00e6tur \u00e1 kosningakerfinu sem koma \u00ed framhaldi af yfirlitsgrein um vi\u00f0fangsefni\u00f0. Greinarnar er a\u00f0 finna \u00ed einni heild \u00ed hausthefti 2014 af ritinu <em>Stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1l og stj\u00f3rns\u00fdsla.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Upphaf pistilsins er \u00feannig:<\/p>\n<p>Ekki n\u00e1\u00f0ist fullur j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur milli \u00feingflokka \u00ed kosningunum 2013 og er \u00fe\u00e1 einungis mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 j\u00f6fnu\u00f0 milli \u00feingflokka, en atkv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00feeirra samtaka sem ekki n\u00e1\u00f0u manni \u00e1 \u00feing eru l\u00e1tin liggja \u00e1 milli hluta. Sl\u00edkur j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur hefur \u00e1 hinn b\u00f3ginn n\u00e1\u00f0st \u00ed \u00f6llum \u00f6\u00f0rum \u00feingkosningum fr\u00e1 og me\u00f0 kosningunum 1987, \u00fe.e. eftir hina miklu kerfisbreytingu \u00e1 kosningal\u00f6gum \u00e1 n\u00edunda \u00e1ratugnum og svo aftur \u00feeirri um s\u00ed\u00f0astli\u00f0in aldam\u00f3t. Fullyr\u00f0a m\u00e1 a\u00f0 eitt meginmarkmi\u00f0 \u00feessara breytinga beggja hafi einmitt veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 n\u00e1lgast, og helst tryggja, sl\u00edkan j\u00f6fnu\u00f0 milli flokka, eins og fram kemur fyrr \u00ed \u00feessari ritger\u00f0. Til \u00e1r\u00e9ttingar \u00feessa var b\u00e6tt inn \u00ed stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1na \u00e1ri\u00f0 1984 sk\u00fdru \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i, sem n\u00fa er 1. m\u00e1lsl., 4. mgr. 31. gr.: \u201e\u00d6\u00f0rum \u00feings\u00e6tum en kj\u00f6rd\u00e6miss\u00e6tum skal r\u00e1\u00f0stafa \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi og \u00fathluta \u00feeim til j\u00f6fnunar milli stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasamtaka \u00feannig a\u00f0 hver samt\u00f6k f\u00e1i \u00feingmannat\u00f6lu \u00ed sem fyllstu samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 heildaratkv\u00e6\u00f0at\u00f6lu s\u00edna.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Kosningal\u00f6g, hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 eru \u00feau fr\u00e1 1987 e\u00f0a 2000, tryggja \u00fe\u00f3 engan veginn j\u00f6fnu\u00f0 \u00e1 milli flokka. \u00dev\u00ed m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hafi veri\u00f0 slembilukka a\u00f0 j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur hafi n\u00e1\u00f0st \u00ed \u00f6llum kosningum fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 var\u00f0 virkt 1987 og allt \u00fear til n\u00fa. Spyrja m\u00e1 hvort fyrrgreint \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r um j\u00f6fnu\u00f0 milli flokka geri ekki \u00fe\u00e1 kr\u00f6fu til kosningalaga a\u00f0 j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6ti s\u00e9u \u00e1vallt n\u00e6gilega m\u00f6rg til a\u00f0 tryggja \u00feennan j\u00f6fnu\u00f0.<\/p>\n<p>Megint\u00e6ki\u00f0 til a\u00f0 n\u00e1lgast j\u00f6fnu\u00f0 milli flokka hefur falist \u00ed j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6tum en \u00feau voru fyrst tekin upp \u00ed kosningal\u00f6g \u00feau sem komu til framkv\u00e6mda \u00ed kosningunum 1934, en \u00fe\u00e1 k\u00f6llu\u00f0 uppb\u00f3tars\u00e6ti. Til og me\u00f0 kosningunum 1983 voru s\u00e6tin ellefu a\u00f0 t\u00f6lu. A\u00f0 v\u00edsu voru \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i fram til vorkosninganna 1959 \u00feess efnis a\u00f0 ekki skyldi n\u00fdta fleiri uppb\u00f3tars\u00e6ti en svo a\u00f0 j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur n\u00e6\u00f0ist. \u00dev\u00ed f\u00f3r \u00e1 hinn b\u00f3ginn v\u00ed\u00f0s fjarri a\u00f0 ekki \u00feyrfti a\u00f0 gr\u00edpa til allra s\u00e6tanna, og \u00fea\u00f0 gott betur ef heimilt v\u00e6ri. \u00cd kosningum \u00e1 \u00e1rabilinu 1987 til 1999 voru j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6tin 13, en fr\u00e1 og me\u00f0 kosningunum 2003 a\u00f0eins n\u00edu.<\/p>\n<p>Ef markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 um fullan j\u00f6fnu\u00f0 milli flokka er tali\u00f0 svo mikilv\u00e6gt, hv\u00ed hefur l\u00f6ggjafinn \u00fe\u00e1 skori\u00f0 t\u00f6lu \u00feeirra vi\u00f0 n\u00f6gl? \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an er tr\u00falega s\u00fa a\u00f0 jafnframt vir\u00f0ist \u00fea\u00f0 lykilmarkmi\u00f0 a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sendur \u00ed hverju kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi f\u00e1i sem mestu r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 um \u00fea\u00f0 hverjir veljist \u00e1 \u00feing fyrir \u00feeirra h\u00f6nd. \u00deessi tv\u00f6 markmi\u00f0 kunna a\u00f0 stangast \u00e1, en \u00feurfa ekki a\u00f0 gera \u00fea\u00f0 svo mj\u00f6g.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e9r ver\u00f0a reifa\u00f0ar tv\u00e6r hugmyndir \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed skyni a\u00f0 tryggja j\u00f6fnu\u00f0 milli flokka en \u00e1 \u00feeim er \u00fe\u00f3 einungis bl\u00e6brig\u00f0amunur. Gengi\u00f0 er \u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00f3breyttum kosningal\u00f6gum um allt anna\u00f0 en skiptingu \u00feings\u00e6ta \u00ed kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mis- og j\u00f6fnunars\u00e6ti. Jafnframt er \u00fe\u00f3 virt \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed n\u00fagildandi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 a\u00f0 kj\u00f6rd\u00e6miss\u00e6ti megi ekki vera f\u00e6rri en sex \u00ed hverju kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi. Hugmyndirnar ver\u00f0a reifa\u00f0ar me\u00f0 v\u00edsun til kosninga\u00farslitanna 2013, en hafa ver\u00f0ur \u00ed huga a\u00f0 \u00farslit kosninga kunna a\u00f0 m\u00f3tast af \u00fev\u00ed kosningakerfi sem er \u00ed gildi \u00e1 hverjum t\u00edma.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pistill \u00feessi,\u00a0Umb\u00e6tur \u00e1 kosningakerfinu: II. J\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur milli flokka, er annar fj\u00f6gurra efnispistla um umb\u00e6tur \u00e1 kosningakerfinu sem koma \u00ed framhaldi af yfirlitsgrein um vi\u00f0fangsefni\u00f0. Greinarnar er a\u00f0 finna \u00ed einni heild \u00ed hausthefti 2014 af ritinu Stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1l og stj\u00f3rns\u00fdsla. Upphaf pistilsins er \u00feannig: Ekki n\u00e1\u00f0ist fullur j\u00f6fnu\u00f0ur milli \u00feingflokka \u00ed kosningunum 2013 og er \u00fe\u00e1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[8,80,81,53,86],"class_list":["post-2124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eigin-vefsida","tag-althingiskosningar","tag-kosningakerfi","tag-stjornmal-og-stjornsysla","tag-tillogur-stjornlagarads","tag-umbaetur-a-kosningakerfinu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2124","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2124"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2124\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2980,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2124\/revisions\/2980"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2124"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2124"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2124"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}