{"id":2873,"date":"2020-11-11T09:11:44","date_gmt":"2020-11-11T09:11:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=2873"},"modified":"2020-11-11T09:11:44","modified_gmt":"2020-11-11T09:11:44","slug":"er-erfitt-ad-breyta-stjornarskranni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=2873","title":{"rendered":"Er erfitt a\u00f0 breyta stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cd \u00fe\u00e6ttinum Silfri\u00f0<\/em> \u00ed r\u00edkissj\u00f3nvarpinu sunnudaginn 8. n\u00f3vember sl. var vi\u00f0tal vi\u00f0 Cathrine Dupr\u00e9 um stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rm\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00ed tilefni af n\u00fd\u00fatkominni b\u00f3k sem h\u00fan og \u00c1g\u00fast \u00de\u00f3r heitinn \u00c1rnason ritst\u00fdr\u00f0u. Sj\u00e1 https:\/\/www.ruv.is\/utvarp\/spila\/silfrid\/29054?ep=8l2ifu.<\/p>\n

Eins og gengur \u00feegar \u00fatlendingar fjalla um \u00edslensk m\u00e1l skolast \u00fdmislegt til, \u00fe\u00f3tt um margt s\u00e9 \u00feetta \u00e1hugavert vi\u00f0tal.<\/p>\n

\u00c9g hnaut \u00fe\u00f3 s\u00e9rstaklega um \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 spyrlan (Fanney Birna J\u00f3nsd\u00f3ttir) spur\u00f0i hvort erfitt v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 breyta stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni sem n\u00fa gildir, \u00fe.e. me\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um \u00fear um \u00ed 79. gr. hennar. Katr\u00edn franska sag\u00f0i svo vera, en b\u00e6tti \u00fev\u00ed vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in k\u00e6mi verulega a\u00f0 breytingarferlinu, jafnvel \u00ed \u00fer\u00edgang \u00ed hvert sinn. \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0in kysi \u00feing sem sam\u00feykkti stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytinguna \u00ed fyrra skipti\u00f0, kysi svo aftur \u00feing til a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa (e\u00f0a hafna) breytingarfrumvarpinu og s\u00ed\u00f0an v\u00e6ri forsetinn, sem \u00feyrfti a\u00f0 undirskrifa stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rl\u00f6gin, \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0kj\u00f6rinn. Hann g\u00e6ti skoti\u00f0 m\u00e1linu til \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar (skv. 26. gr.).<\/p>\n

A\u00f0 m\u00ednu mati fer Cathrine Dupr\u00e9 h\u00e9r vill vega. H\u00fan l\u00fdsir formalisma en ekki raunveruleikanum. \u00c9g tel \u00fevert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti b\u00e6\u00f0i au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 breyta stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni, jafnvel of au\u00f0velt, og jafnframt a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in hafi n\u00e1nast enga almenna a\u00f0komu a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytingum skv. \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um gildandi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r.<\/p>\n

\u00c9g veit ekki til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feing hafi nokkru sinni veri\u00f0 kosi\u00f0 s\u00e9rstaklega til a\u00f0 leggja fram tiltekna stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytingu. Kosningar sn\u00faast um almenn m\u00e1lefni, sem oftast eru efnahagsm\u00e1lin. \u00c1 l\u00fd\u00f0veldist\u00edmanum hafa kosningar a\u00f0eins einu sinni loti\u00f0 alfari\u00f0 a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festingu \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytingu. \u00dea\u00f0 var \u00e1ri\u00f0 1959. Breytingin \u00fe\u00e1 var \u00e1 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um um kj\u00f6rd\u00e6maskipan og \u00fathlutun \u00feings\u00e6ta. Flokkarnir, sem a\u00f0 \u00feeirri breytingu st\u00f3\u00f0u, lofu\u00f0u kj\u00f3sendum \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1 undan fyrri kosningunum, \u00feeim um vori\u00f0, a\u00f0 \u00feing yr\u00f0i rofi\u00f0 eftir a\u00f0 n\u00fdtt \u00feing hef\u00f0i sta\u00f0fest breytinguna og kosi\u00f0 yr\u00f0i \u00e1 n\u00fd. \u00dev\u00ed v\u00e6ri breytingin \u00e1 \u00a0kosninga\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0unum eina m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00ed vorkosningunum.<\/p>\n

Var \u00feetta fyrirkomulag 1959 merki um beint l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i, um a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in fengi a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa um stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytingu, \u00fe\u00f3tt me\u00f0 \u00f3beinum h\u00e6tti v\u00e6ri? Nei, \u00e9g leyfi m\u00e9r a\u00f0 fullyr\u00f0a a\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0is\u00e1st l\u00e1 ekki a\u00f0 baki \u00feessu fyrirkomulagi, heldur var \u00feetta valdap\u00f3lt\u00edk. Breytingin \u00e1 kosninga\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0unum var einkum til \u00feess ger\u00f0 a\u00f0 n\u00e1 auknum j\u00f6fnu\u00f0i \u00e1 milli flokkanna, m.\u00f6.o. a\u00f0 n\u00e1 sem flestum \u00feings\u00e6tum af Frams\u00f3kn sem flokkurinn haf\u00f0i alla t\u00ed\u00f0 fengi\u00f0 umfram \u00fea\u00f0 sem hann \u00e1tti tilkall til mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 landsfylgi. Frams\u00f3knarflokkurinn var au\u00f0vita\u00f0 \u00e1 m\u00f3ti breytingunni. \u00a0Hinir flokkarnir vildu aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti geta uppskori\u00f0 \u00e1vinninginn strax. \u00deess vegna skyldi kosi\u00f0 aftur, sem var gert um hausti\u00f0 1959 og \u00fe\u00e1\u00a0\u00e1 grundvelli n\u00fdrra kosninga\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0a\u00a0\u00e1 grundvelli n\u00fdrra kosninga\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0a. \u00cd kj\u00f6lfari\u00f0 kom svo Vi\u00f0reisnarstj\u00f3rnin, en \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00f6nnur saga.<\/p>\n

Fullyr\u00f0a m\u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in hafi \u00ed \u00feetta eina sinn, alla vega eftir l\u00fd\u00f0veldisstofnunina, fengi\u00f0 raunverulegt t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 tj\u00e1 sig um stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytingu, en \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0eins \u00e1 flokksp\u00f3lit\u00edskum grundvelli. \u00deeir sem voru \u00e1 m\u00f3ti breytingunni 1959 hef\u00f0u \u00feurft a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa Frams\u00f3kn, s\u00e9r e.t.v. a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ru leyti \u00fevert um ge\u00f0.<\/p>\n

H\u00e9r var ekki bo\u00f0i\u00f0 upp \u00e1 kosningu me\u00f0 j\u00e1i e\u00f0a neii um stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytingu. \u00dea\u00f0 hefur a\u00f0eins tv\u00edvegis gerst. Fyrst um sambandsl\u00f6gin 1918, en \u00ed 2. mgr. 21. gr. stj\u00f3rnarskipunarlaga nr. 12\/1915 var kve\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 um a\u00f0 sam\u00feykkti \u201eAl\u00feingi breyting \u00e1 sambandinu milli \u00cdslands og Danmerkur skal \u00fe\u00e1 leggja \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00e1l undir atkv\u00e6\u00f0i allra kosningab\u00e6rra manna \u00ed landinu til sam\u00feykktar e\u00f0a synjunar<\/em>\u201c.<\/p>\n

Hitt d\u00e6mi\u00f0 er um stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytinguna, sem stofnun l\u00fd\u00f0veldisins 1944 kalla\u00f0i \u00e1, og fjalla\u00f0i um a\u00f0 skipta \u00fat or\u00f0inu \u201ek\u00f3ngur\u201c fyrir \u201eforseta\u201c! \u00de\u00e1 var beitt \u00e1m\u00f3ta\u00a0 a\u00f0fer\u00f0, \u00feeirri a\u00f0 \u00ed sj\u00e1lfum stj\u00f3rnskipunarl\u00f6gunum, er kve\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 um \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0sluna. \u00deessi stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rgrein hlj\u00f3\u00f0ar svo: \u201e81. gr. <\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Stj\u00f3rnarskipunarl\u00f6g \u00feessi \u00f6\u00f0last gildi, \u00feegar Al\u00feingi gerir um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1lyktun, enda hafi meiri hluti allra kosningarb\u00e6rra manna \u00ed landinu me\u00f0 leynilegri atkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slu sam\u00feykkt \u00feau.\u201c <\/em><\/p>\n

Merkilegt nokk er \u00feessi grein enn \u00ed gildi. Al\u00feingi v\u00e6ri \u00ed l\u00f3fa lagi\u00f0 a\u00f0 gefa \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni kost \u00e1 a\u00f0 velja e\u00f0a hafna breytingum \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni me\u00f0 \u00feessum h\u00e6tti. \u00c9g benti \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 vori\u00f0 2013 a\u00f0 \u00feannig m\u00e6tti fara a\u00f0 um frv. stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s e\u00f0a frv. \u00e1 grundvelli \u00feess.<\/p>\n

\u00cd Silfrinu<\/em> var \u00feessi kostur ekki reifa\u00f0ur. \u00cd \u00feess sta\u00f0 nefndi Cathrine Dupr\u00e9 a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in hef\u00f0i \u00feri\u00f0ju lei\u00f0ina til a\u00f0 hafa \u00e1hrif \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytingu, \u00fe.e. me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa forseta \u00cdslands, en hann g\u00e6ti neita\u00f0 a\u00f0 undirskrifa stj\u00f3rnarskipunarl\u00f6g sem f\u00e6ru \u00fe\u00e1 \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slu, eins og hver \u00f6nnur l\u00f6g. \u00deetta er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 \u00fat \u00ed h\u00f6tt. Skyldi \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in t.d. hafa kosi\u00f0 \u00d3laf Ragnar Gr\u00edmsson forseta 1996 til \u00feess a\u00f0 hann s\u00ed\u00f0an myndi ekki undirskrifa stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreytinguna 2013, 17 \u00e1rum s\u00ed\u00f0ar; breytingu sem skaut fyrst upp kollinum nokkrum m\u00e1nu\u00f0um \u00e1 undan? (Hann skrifa\u00f0i reyndar undir!) \u00deetta kalla \u00e9g l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegan formalisma.<\/p>\n

Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an er s\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er au\u00f0velt fyrir einfaldan meirihluta \u00e1 Al\u00feingi a\u00f0 breyta stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 gefa \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni raunh\u00e6fan kost \u00e1 a\u00f0 hafa \u00e1hrif.<\/p>\n

Hva\u00f0 ef gerr\u00e6\u00f0isleg stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rbreyting v\u00e6ri sam\u00feykkt \u00e1 Al\u00feingi?[1]<\/a> \u00de\u00e1 er a\u00f0 vona a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in myndi bera g\u00e6fu til a\u00f0 kj\u00f3sa stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasamt\u00f6k sem hef\u00f0u \u00fea\u00f0 eitt a\u00f0 markmi\u00f0i a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa ekki breytinguna, enda myndu samt\u00f6kin lofa \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 standa s\u00ed\u00f0an a\u00f0 \u00feingrofi. \u00cd kj\u00f6lfari\u00f0 m\u00e6tti svo kj\u00f3sa um \u00f6nnur m\u00e1l \u2013 og s\u00ed\u00f0an dr\u00e6gi \u00feessi s\u00e9rm\u00e1lshreyfing sig \u00ed hl\u00e9. V\u00e6ri \u00feetta haldreipi til a\u00f0 sporna vi\u00f0 hugsanlegri gerr\u00e6\u00f0isstj\u00f3rn? Sporin fr\u00e1 Ungverjalandi og P\u00f3llandi hr\u00e6\u00f0a, \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0eins s\u00e9 tekin n\u00fdleg d\u00e6mi og enn verri d\u00e6mi fyrr \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00f6ld l\u00e1tin \u00f3nefnd.<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Br\u00e1\u00f0birg\u00f0a\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0, sem skoti\u00f0 var inn 2013 til \u00feess a\u00f0 r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ta \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 gera ekkert me\u00f0 till\u00f6gur Stj\u00f3rnlagar\u00e1\u00f0s, var a\u00f0 m\u00ednu mati af \u00feessum toga. \u00c1kv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 hef\u00f0i gert \u00fea\u00f0 n\u00e6sta \u00f3gerlegt a\u00f0 breyta stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1nni \u00e1 n\u00fd. Sem betur fer var \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 b\u00e6\u00f0i valkv\u00e6tt og t\u00edmabundi\u00f0. Sem almennt \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i myndi \u00fea\u00f0 frysta stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1na um \u00f3komna t\u00ed\u00f0 og v\u00e6ri \u00fev\u00ed st\u00f3rh\u00e6ttulegt a\u00f0 m\u00ednu mati.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cd \u00fe\u00e6ttinum Silfri\u00f0 \u00ed r\u00edkissj\u00f3nvarpinu sunnudaginn 8. n\u00f3vember sl. var vi\u00f0tal vi\u00f0 Cathrine Dupr\u00e9 um stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rm\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00ed tilefni af n\u00fd\u00fatkominni b\u00f3k sem h\u00fan og \u00c1g\u00fast \u00de\u00f3r heitinn \u00c1rnason ritst\u00fdr\u00f0u. Sj\u00e1 https:\/\/www.ruv.is\/utvarp\/spila\/silfrid\/29054?ep=8l2ifu. Eins og gengur \u00feegar \u00fatlendingar fjalla um \u00edslensk m\u00e1l skolast \u00fdmislegt til, \u00fe\u00f3tt um margt s\u00e9 \u00feetta \u00e1hugavert vi\u00f0tal. \u00c9g hnaut \u00fe\u00f3 s\u00e9rstaklega um […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[94,55],"class_list":["post-2873","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eigin-vefsida","tag-sjonvarpid","tag-stjornarskrarmal"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2873","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2873"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2873\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2875,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2873\/revisions\/2875"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2873"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2873"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2873"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}