{"id":760,"date":"2011-03-04T11:21:56","date_gmt":"2011-03-04T11:21:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=760"},"modified":"2016-03-23T18:52:01","modified_gmt":"2016-03-23T18:52:01","slug":"forsetinn-njoti-stu%c3%b0nings-meirihlutans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/?p=760","title":{"rendered":"Forsetinn nj\u00f3ti stu\u00f0nings meirihlutans"},"content":{"rendered":"

[\u00deessi pistill birtist \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttat\u00edmanum 4. mars 2011]<\/em><\/p>\n

A\u00f0eins einn af forsetum l\u00fd\u00f0veldisins hefur n\u00e1\u00f0 stu\u00f0ningi meirihluta kj\u00f3senda vi\u00f0 fyrstu kosningu \u00ed emb\u00e6tti\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 ger\u00f0i Kristj\u00e1n Eldj\u00e1rn \u00ed forsetakosningunni 1968 er hann hlaut n\u00e6r tvo \u00feri\u00f0juhluta atkv\u00e6\u00f0a, en \u00fear ber \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga a\u00f0 hann haf\u00f0i einungis einn m\u00f3tframbj\u00f3\u00f0anda. Yfirlit yfir stu\u00f0ning vi\u00f0 kj\u00f6rinn forseta er s\u00fdnt \u00ed 1. t\u00f6flu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1. tafla.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fylgi kj\u00f6rinna forseta vi\u00f0 fyrstu kosningu.<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Forseti<\/td>\nKosninga\u00e1r<\/td>\nHlutfall af gildum atkv\u00e6\u00f0um<\/td>\nTala m\u00f3tfram-bj\u00f3\u00f0enda<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sveinn Bj\u00f6rnsson<\/td>\n1944<\/td>\nVar \u00feingkj\u00f6rinn<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c1sgeir \u00c1sgeirsson<\/td>\n1952<\/td>\n48,3%<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kristj\u00e1n Eldj\u00e1rn<\/td>\n1968<\/td>\n64,3%<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Vigd\u00eds Finnbogad\u00f3ttir<\/td>\n1980<\/td>\n33,8%<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00d3lafur Ragnar Gr\u00edmsson<\/td>\n1996<\/td>\n41,4%<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Samkv\u00e6mt 5. gr. stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar telst s\u00e1 r\u00e9tt kj\u00f6rinn forseti sem f\u00e6r flest atkv\u00e6\u00f0i. \u00deessi regla b\u00fd\u00f0ur upp \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 frambj\u00f3\u00f0andi geti n\u00e1\u00f0 kj\u00f6ri \u00fe\u00f3tt hann nj\u00f3ti einungis stu\u00f0nings l\u00edtils minni hluta kj\u00f3senda. \u00dea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri ankannaleg ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a ekki s\u00edst ef liti\u00f0 er til \u00feess hvernig forsetaemb\u00e6tti\u00f0 og v\u00f6ld forseta hafa \u00fer\u00f3ast \u00ed emb\u00e6ttist\u00ed\u00f0 n\u00faverandi forseta.<\/p>\n

\u00c6skilegt ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 teljast a\u00f0 forseti nj\u00f3ti \u00f3tv\u00edr\u00e6\u00f0s stu\u00f0nings meirihluta kj\u00f3senda. Sums sta\u00f0ar t\u00ed\u00f0kast a\u00f0 endurtaka sl\u00edkt kj\u00f6r ef enginn frambj\u00f3\u00f0andi n\u00e6r meirihluta. Er \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 jafna\u00f0i kosi\u00f0 \u00e1 milli tveggja efstu manna \u00e1 n\u00fd. Til er einfaldari a\u00f0fer\u00f0 a\u00f0 sama marki. H\u00fan er s\u00fa a\u00f0 sameina \u00feetta \u00ed einni kosningu me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 beita forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0unara\u00f0fer\u00f0. Kj\u00f3sendur ra\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e1 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endum \u00ed forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0. F\u00e1i enginn \u00feeirra meirihluta er s\u00e1 sem f\u00e6r minnst fylgi a\u00f0 fyrsta vali kj\u00f3senda d\u00e6mdur \u00far leik og atkv\u00e6\u00f0i hans f\u00e6r\u00f0 til hinna \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 anna\u00f0 val vi\u00f0komandi kj\u00f3senda, og svo framvegis allt \u00fear til meiri hluti liggur fyrir. \u00deetta er sama a\u00f0fer\u00f0 og beitt var \u00ed stj\u00f3rnlaga\u00feingskosningunni alr\u00e6mdu s.l. haust, nema hva\u00f0 frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur ver\u00f0a vart 522 eins og \u00fe\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\u00cdrar hafa um langan aldur nota\u00f0 \u00feessa a\u00f0fer\u00f0 \u00ed \u00f6llum almennum kosningum, \u00fear \u00e1 me\u00f0al \u00ed forsetakosningum. Einu sinni hefur reynt \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00cdrlandi a\u00f0 s\u00e1 forsetaframbj\u00f3\u00f0andi sem f\u00e9kk flest atkv\u00e6\u00f0i a\u00f0 fyrsta vali, en \u00fe\u00f3 ekki meirihluta, n\u00e1\u00f0i samt ekki kj\u00f6ri. \u00deetta d\u00e6mi er raki\u00f0 \u00ed 2. t\u00f6flu.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
2. tafla.<\/em><\/td>\n<\/td>\nForsetakosning \u00e1 \u00cdrlandi 1990.<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Frambj\u00f3\u00f0andi<\/td>\nAtkv\u00e6\u00f0i
\na\u00f0 1. vali<\/td>\n		F\u00e6r\u00f0 atkv\u00e6\u00f0i<\/td>\nAtkv\u00e6\u00f0i
\n\u00ed 2. talningu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Austin Currie<\/td>\n267.902<\/td>\n-267.902<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Brian Lenihan<\/td>\n694.484<\/td>\n36.789<\/td>\n731.273<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mary Robinson<\/td>\n612.265<\/td>\n205.565<\/td>\n817.830<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Brian Lenihan hlaut vissulega flest atkv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed fyrstu, en kj\u00f3sendur Austin Currie ger\u00f0u\u00a0 \u00fatslagi\u00f0. Velflestir \u00feeirra t\u00f3ku Mary Robinson fram yfir Brian Lenihan svo a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 var Mary sem n\u00e1\u00f0i kj\u00f6ri en ekki Brian. Tr\u00falega hef\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0 sama or\u00f0i\u00f0 upp \u00ed teningnum ef kosi\u00f0 hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 aftur \u00e1 milli \u00feeirra tveggja.<\/p>\n

\u00cd forsetakosningunni h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi \u00e1ri\u00f0 1996 f\u00e9llu atkv\u00e6\u00f0i eins og \u00ed s\u00fdnt er \u00ed 3. t\u00f6flu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
3. tafla. <\/em><\/td>\nForsetakosning 1996.<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Frambj\u00f3\u00f0andi<\/td>\nGild atkv\u00e6\u00f0i<\/td>\nHlutfall af gildum atkv\u00e6\u00f0um<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c1st\u00fe\u00f3r Magn\u00fasson Wium<\/td>\n4.422<\/td>\n2,7%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gu\u00f0r\u00fan Agnarsd\u00f3ttir<\/td>\n43.578<\/td>\n26,4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00d3lafur Ragnar Gr\u00edmsson<\/td>\n68.370<\/td>\n41,4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
P\u00e9tur Kr. Hafstein<\/td>\n48.863<\/td>\n29,6%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Hef\u00f0i vali\u00f0 \u00e1 forseta or\u00f0i\u00f0 anna\u00f0 me\u00f0 forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0unara\u00f0fer\u00f0, e\u00f0a ef forsetakj\u00f6ri\u00f0 hef\u00f0i fari\u00f0 fram \u00ed tveimur umfer\u00f0um \u00fear sem kosi\u00f0 hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 \u00e1 milli \u00feeirra \u00d3lafs Ragnars og P\u00e9turs Kr. \u00ed seinni umfer\u00f0? \u00dev\u00ed ver\u00f0ur ekki svara\u00f0 eftir\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0unara\u00f0fer\u00f0in tryggir a\u00f0 r\u00e9ttkj\u00f6rinn forseti nj\u00f3ti meirihluta stu\u00f0nings kj\u00f3senda og snei\u00f0ir hj\u00e1 \u00f3kostunum vi\u00f0 kj\u00f6r \u00ed tveimur umfer\u00f0um sem eru m.a. eftirfarandi:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Kostna\u00f0ur vi\u00f0 tv\u00e6r kosningar.<\/li>\n
  • \u00c1hugaleysi almennings \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku \u00ed b\u00e1\u00f0um umfer\u00f0unum. S\u00e9 t.d. tali\u00f0 lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 engin muni n\u00e1 kj\u00f6ri \u00ed \u00feeirri fyrri og eins\u00fdnt hverjir n\u00e1i a\u00f0 vera \u00ed kj\u00f6ri \u00ed \u00feeirri seinni, kunna kj\u00f3sendur a\u00f0 b\u00ed\u00f0a seinni umfer\u00f0arinnar.<\/li>\n
  • Flokkadr\u00e6ttir og hrossakaup frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda eftir fyrri kosninguna, \u00fear sem hinir tveir efstu kunna a\u00f0 bi\u00f0la me\u00f0 \u00f3vi\u00f0eigandi h\u00e6tti til stu\u00f0ningsmanna \u00feeirra sem eru \u00far leik.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u00deess m\u00e1 geta a\u00f0 breska r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnin hyggst leggja fyrir \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 s\u00edna a\u00f0 vali\u00f0 ver\u00f0i \u00e1 milli frambj\u00f3\u00f0enda \u00ed einmenningskj\u00f6rd\u00e6munum, eins og \u00fear t\u00ed\u00f0kast, me\u00f0 \u00feessari s\u00f6mu forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0unara\u00f0fer\u00f0.<\/p>\n

    Kj\u00f6rt\u00edmabili forseta \u00cdslands l\u00edkur \u00e1 n\u00e6sta \u00e1ri. A\u00f0 \u00f6llum l\u00edkindum fer \u00fe\u00e1 fram forsetakosning. Hva\u00f0 svo sem ver\u00f0ur um breytingar \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1 er n\u00e6sta v\u00edst a\u00f0 \u00feetta forsetakj\u00f6r ver\u00f0ur me\u00f0 \u00f3breyttum h\u00e6tti. Munum vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1fram b\u00faa vi\u00f0 forseta \u00e1n meirihlutastu\u00f0nings? Hvernig svo sem \u00fea\u00f0 fer er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i 5. gr. stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar um forsetakj\u00f6r er eitt af \u00feeim m\u00f6rgum um \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar sem \u00fearfnast sko\u00f0unar.<\/p>\n

    H\u00f6fundur \u00feessa pistils lag\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2006 \u00feessa hugmynd um forsetakj\u00f6r me\u00f0 forgangsr\u00f6\u00f0un fyrir stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rnefnd sem \u00fe\u00e1 var a\u00f0 st\u00f6rfum.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    [\u00deessi pistill birtist \u00ed Fr\u00e9ttat\u00edmanum 4. mars 2011] A\u00f0eins einn af forsetum l\u00fd\u00f0veldisins hefur n\u00e1\u00f0 stu\u00f0ningi meirihluta kj\u00f3senda vi\u00f0 fyrstu kosningu \u00ed emb\u00e6tti\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 ger\u00f0i Kristj\u00e1n Eldj\u00e1rn \u00ed forsetakosningunni 1968 er hann hlaut n\u00e6r tvo \u00feri\u00f0juhluta atkv\u00e6\u00f0a, en \u00fear ber \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga a\u00f0 hann haf\u00f0i einungis einn m\u00f3tframbj\u00f3\u00f0anda. Yfirlit yfir stu\u00f0ning vi\u00f0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[23,29],"class_list":["post-760","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eigin-vefsida","category-greinar","tag-forsetinn","tag-frettatiminn"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/760","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=760"}],"version-history":[{"count":30,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/760\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2428,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/760\/revisions\/2428"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=760"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=760"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thorkellhelgason.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=760"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}